14.2 ϳ
䳺
Passive Voice
1. 䳺.
1. English .. in different parts of the world.
a) has been spoken; b) is spoken; c) is being spoken; d) will be spoken.
2. The letter .. just ..
a) has***been sent; b) is***sent; c) was***sent; d) is***being sent.
3. I .. often .. to their parties.
a) invite; b) have***been invited; c) am***invited;
d) was***been invited.
4. By three o `clock everything ..
a) was prepared; b) has been prepared; c) had been prepared;
d) is prepared.
5. I .. to his friends at the party.
a) shall be introduced; b) will have been introduced; c) am introduced;
d) have introduced.
6. Tennis .. from four till five.
a) is being played; b) was played; c) was being played;
d) had been played.
7. The article .. yet.
a) hasnt been translated; b) haven `t been translated;
c) hadnt been translated d) isnt translated.
8. The house .. in 1950.
a) had been built; b) was being built; c) was building; d) was built.
9. By the middle of autumn all the trees ..
a) had been planted; b) was planted; c) were planted;
d) have been planted.
10. The clock .. now.
a) is repaired; b) is being repaired; c) are being repaired;
d) has been repaired.
11. The story .. already.
a) is forgotten; b) has forgotten; c) has been forgotten;
d) had been forgotten.
12. Milk .. for making butter.
a) uses; b) is used; c) is using; d) is being used.
13. When I came, the article .. still ..
a) was***translating; b) was***translated;
c) was***being translated; d) had been translated.
14. The new film .. at the lesson.
a) shall be spoken about; b) will be spoken about;
c) will have been spoken about; d) will be speaking about.
2. 䳺.
1. You .. a very interesting job next week.
a) will be offered; b) would be offered; c) will be offering;
d) have been offered.
2. A bridge .. over the river.
a) is built; b) is building; c) is being built; d) has built.
3. Milk .. in this shop.
a) is sold; b) has been sold; c) was sold; d) is selling.
4. The work .. by six o `clock.
a) has been finished; b) was finished; c) had been finished;
d) will be finished.
5. It .. very soon.
a) will forget; b) will be forgotten; c) forgot; d) would be forgotten.
6. All the preparations .. by tomorrow.
a) will be finished; b) shall be finished; c) will have been finished;
d) be finished.
7. The truth .. to her.
a) has to be told; b) has been told; c) is told; d) have been told.
8. The key .. by me yesterday.
a) lost; b) had been lost; c) was lost; d) has been lost.
9. He said that the work .. in time.
a) will be finished; b) would be finished; c) would have been finished;
d) was finished.
10. Who .. now?
a) is examined; b) is examining; c) examines; d) is being examined.
11. The experiment .. by 3 oclock.
a) will have been completed; b) will be completed;
c) would be completed; d) will be completing.
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12. Such questions .. often .. at the examination.
a) is***asked; b) are***asked; c) have***been asked; d) are***asking.
13. I .. just .. by him.
a) has***been interrupted; b) was***interrupted; c) am***interrupted;
d) have***been interrupted.
14. I .. to go there.
a) shant be allowed; b) wouldnt be allowed; c) hadnt been allowed;
d) isnt allowed.
3. 䳺.
1. By three o `clock everything ..
a) was prepared; b) were prepared; c) had been prepared;
d) will be prepared.
2. The boy .. for misbehaving.
a) has punished; b) have been punished;
c) was punished; d) had been punished.
3. This man .. much .. lately.
a) has been***spoken of; b) is***spoken of; c) will be***spoken of;
d) was being***spoken of.
4. The telegram .. only tomorrow.
a) will be received; b) would be received; c) is received;
d) will have been received.
5. The article .. now.
a) has been translated; b) is being translated;
c) is translated; d) is translating.
6. The child ..
a) is taking care of; b) has taken care of; c) is taken care of;
d) had been taken care of.
7. .. you .. the truth?
a) haven `t ***told; b) hasnt***been told;
c) are***telling; d) havent been told.
8. Three foreign languages .. at this school.
a) are teaching; b) are taught; c) have been taught; d) would be taught.
9. What museums .. last year?
a) have been visited; b) had been visited; c) were visited;
d) were being visited.
10. This mountain .. never .. before.
a) have***been climbed; b) had***been climbed; c) was***climbed;
d) has***been climbed.
11. Don `t enter! The room ..
a) is being aired; b) is aired; c) has been aired; d) has to be aired.
12. When .. it ..?
a) has***been done; b) have***been done; c) was***done;
d) had***been done
13. .. the letters still ..?
a) have***been typed; b) are***typed; c) are***being typed;
d) will be typed.
14. This book .. by every student.
a) must be read; b) has read; c) have to be read; d) must to be read.
4. 䳺.
1. The article .. still .. when somebody knocked at the door.
a) had been***translated; b) was***translated;
c) could be***translated; d)was being***translated.
2. The books .. tomorrow.
a) shall be brought; b) will be brought; c) would be brought;
d) will have been brought.
3. Don `t make much noise! The students .. now.
a) are being examined; b) have been examined; c) must be examined;
d) are examined.
4. The window .. last week.
a) broke; b) was broken; c) had been broken; d) was being broken.
5. A new stadium .. by the end of the year.
a) will be built; b) would be built; c) will have been built;
d) will be building.
6. Everything .. before we came.
a) has been done; b) have been done; c) was done; d) had been done.
7. Why .. she ..?
a) is laughed at; b) is being laughed at; c) has laughed at;
d) is laughing at.
8. He .. nowhere yesterday.
a) wasnt seen; b) was seen; c) hadnt been seen; d) didnt seen.
9. This question .. now.
a) has been discussed; b) is discussing; c) is discussed;
d) is being discussed.
10. All the exercises .. in written form.
a) have been done; b) had been done; c) are being done; d) were doing.
11. If you .. dont refuse to come.
a) was sent for; b) are sent for; c) will be sent for; d) is sent for.
12. I thought the letter .. already ..
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a) has been***sent; b) was***sent; c) had been***sent;
d) would be***sent.
13. I .. by the end of June.
a) shall be examined; b) have been examined; c) shall be examining;
d) shall have been examined.
14. He was sure the work .. in time.
a) will be done; b) would have been done; c) would be done;
d) should be done.
5. 䳺.
1. He .. much ...
a) speaks of; b) are***spoken of; c) is***spoken of;
d) is***speaking of.
2. He .. nowhere this week.
a) has been sent; b) hasnt been sent; c) was sent; d) hadnt been sent.
3. We couldnt use the cassette-recorder, it ..
a) was repaired; b) had been repaired; c) was repairing;
d) was being repaired.
4. She said the dinner .. by the time I came.
a) will be cooked; b) would be cooked; c) would have been cooked;
d) had been cooked.
5. Youll have to wait. The text ..
a) has being typed; b) is being typed; c) will be typed;
d) has to be typed.
6. What .. about it?
a) is done; b) was done; c) has been done; d) had been done.
7. She .. music in her childhood.
a) has been taught; b) was taught; c) had been taught;
d) was being taught.
9. Some new metro lines .. now.
a) are constructed; b) have been constructed; c) are being constructed;
d) will be constructed.
10. All the money .. to him.
a) was given; b) were given; c) are given; d) shall be given.
11. This book .. into English.
a) wasnt translated; b) hasnt been translated; c) isnt translated;
d) shant be translated.
12. What question .. now?
a) is discussed; b) has been discussed; c) is being discussed;
d) will be discussed
13. I .. never .. about it.
a) was***asked; b) haven `t been*** asked; c) have been*** asked;
d) hadnt been*** asked.
13. You .. everything about it.
a) shall be told; b) would be told; c) will have been told; d) will be told.
14. This film .. much ..
a) has been***spoken about; b) is***spoken about;
c) had been***spoken about; d) would be***spoken about.
Lesson 15
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ԲͲ
䳺, ?, ?: to write , to answer .
' . 䳺 , (. 15.1).
15.1
| Active | Passive | |
| Indefinite | to write to come | to be written |
| Continuous | to be writing | to be coming |
| Perfect | to have written to have come | to have been written |
| Perfect Continuous | to have been writing | to have been coming |
䳺 Continuous, .
to, to. not .
15.1
Indefinite :
1. , , 䳺, 䳺- :
| am sorry to hearit. | . |
| was glad to see them. | ³ . |
| It will be very interestingto readthese books. | . |
2. 䳺, , , . . Indefinite Infinitive , 䳿, 䳺-:
| hope to see you on Monday. | . |
| want to makea report. | . |
| decided to go alone. | ³ . |
3. 䳺 Indefinite Infinitive to:
| They may cometomorrow. | , . |
| You should see a doctor. | . |
Continuous Infinitive , 䳺, 䳺-:
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| It was pleasant to be driving a car again. | . |
| The woman seemed to be listening. | , . |
Perfect Infinitive , 䳿, 䳺-.
| was pleased to have done something. | , . |
Perfect Continuous Infinitive , 䳺, 䳺-:
| am happy to have been living in Kyiv for 25 years. | , 25 . |
, , , ' 䳿, :
| But theydon't want to playwith me. | . |
, , , ' 䳿, :
| She didn'twant to be found. | , . |
15.2
:
| to learn the poem by heart | |
| to explain the rule to the pupils |
1. :
| knowhim is to trust him. | . |
ϳ, , ; it ( ).
| It wasn't safe to cross the bridge at night. | . |
2. ( ):
| The point is to achievethe aim. | . |
| The only thing to be done was to sitand to waituntil someone came by. | , , , . |
3. 䳺 :
) 䳺:
| We must stayat home. | . |
| You should have been here last night. | . |
| Something had to be done. | . |
| What are we to do? | ? |
| shall not be able to sleep tonight. | . |
) 䳺, ( 䳺): to want
; to wish ; to intend ; to try ; to expect, to hope , .:
| I want to paint. | . |
| He tried to see the men. | ³ . |
) 䳺, 䳿: to begin, to start (); to continue () .:
| She began to talk. | . |
4. 䳺 :
| asked me to wait. | ³ . |
| shall be happy to accept your invitation. | . |
5. :
| have no right to ask. | . |
| Suddenly she felt the need to speak. | . |
, ; :
| We made a list of the things to be taken. | , . |
| The car to be used did not belong to Sparcer. | , , . |
, , :
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| Have you got anything to eat? | - ? |
| She brought me a book to read. | . |
- the first, the second, the last ., () 䳺:
| was the first to come. | ³ . |
6. :
| have come here to meet her. | , . |
| earn a living, he became a salesman. | , . |
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| She is old enough to goto work. | , . |
| It was too hot to go out into the town. | , . |
, , what, whom, whose, which, where, when, how, why whether if. :
| knew where to look for her. | , . |
| don't know how to do it. | , . |
| We don't know what to do with these people. | , . |
15.3
1. , .
1. I am awfully glad to have met you. 2. I do not like to be interrupted. 3. Which is more pleasant: to give or to be given presents? 4. I hope to see you on Monday. 5. I am sorry to have kept you waiting. 6. I am happy to have been living in Kiev for 25 years. 7. She didnt want to be found. 8. He is sorry to have said it.9. He seems to be reading now. 10. I want to be sent to England. 11. We were sorry to have missed the train. 12. I am sorry not to have been informed about it. 13. We are happy to have helped him. 14. I am happy to have been examined yesterday. 15. He asked me to wait. 16. She began to talk.
2. , .
1. He seems (to read) a lot. 2. He seems (to read) now. 3. He seems (to read) since morning. 4. I want (to take) you to the concert. 5. I want (to take) to the concert by my father. 6. She hoped (to help) her friends. 7. She hoped (to help) by her friends. 8. I am glad (to do) all the homework yesterday. 9. I am sorry (to break) your pen. 10. He is glad (to see) all his friends here. 11. He was happy (to praise) by everybody.
3. , .
1. Our task is to test this device. 2. The device to be tested is in our laboratory. 3.To live is to work and study. 4. We have to master our speciality at the Academy. 5. He helped me to translate this difficult paper. 6. To achieve better results we must repeat the experiment. 7. This device is used to measure the electric energy. 8. We made a list of the things to be taken. 9. To earn a living, he became a salesman. 10. To know everything is to know nothing. 11. Show me the text to be translated today. 12. Popov was the first to invent the radio. 13. Every time my friend is the last to come.
4. .
A. Model: He is so old that he cannot skate.
He is too old to skate.
1. The problem is so difficult that it is impossible to solve it. 2. The box is so heavy that nobody can carry it. 3. The baby is so little that it cannot walk. 4.She is so busy that she cannot talk to you. 5. The rule was so difficult that they did not understand it. 6. He was so stupid that he did not see the joke.
B. Model: I have no books which I can read.
I have no books to read.
1. I have only a few minutes in which I can explain these words to you. 2. I have an examination which I must take soon, so I cant go to the concert with you. 3. Here is a new brush which you will clean your teeth with. 4. Here are some articles which must be translated for tomorrow. 5. I have bought a book which you can read now. 6. Here are some more facts which will prove that your theory is correct.
C. Model: He was the first man who arrived.
He was the first (man) t o arrive.
1. The captain was the last who left the ship. 2. He was the first man who swam the Channel. 3.I was surprised when I heard that he had left his native town. 4. He was the only one who realized the danger. 5. I cant go to the party; I have nothing that I can wear.
D. Model: They sent me to Spain, they wanted me to learn Spanish.
