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, , , , , 20%64. , (, , ) , : 22% , , 26% ... , -65.

. , , . 66.

, , , , . - , 67.

( -

, , (Lotte A. et al. Second IUATLD study on complications induced by intradermal BCG vaccinations. Bull. Int. Union Tuberc. LungDis. 1988; 63(2):47-59). 1995 . 18 100 . , .

64 Fine P. . M. Variation in protection by BCG: implications of and for heterologous immunity.
Lancet 1995; 346:1339-45.

65 Arbelaez M. et al. BCG vaccine effectiveness in preventing tuberculosis and its interaction with
human immunodeficiency virus infection. Int. J. Epid. 2000; 29:1085-1091.
, ,
, : -

. -
.

66 Fine P. E. M. Variation...

67 Brandt L. et al. Failure of the Mycobacterium bovis BCG Vaccine: Some Species of Envi
ronmental Mycobacteria Block Multiplication of BCG and Induction of Protective Immunity to
Tuberculosis. Infection and Immunity February 2002; 70(2):672-678.

) , . . bovis / /. , . . ! , . . ...

1968 . . ; ; , , . tuberculosis. 7,5 ƻ68.

, , , , . ,... 69. ? , . , - ; , . : ... , , , 70. ? -

68 . . , 1982, . 6.

69 , . 8.

70 , . 8-9.


, , , . - , , ! , , ? ... . , , . , , , , 71. , , , , ? : , 72. ? , , ? , , , : . , ... , , , ...73. , .

:

71 , . 9-10.

72 , . 11.

73 , . 16.

, , , 74. , , , , , .

. ... () 1974 ! , , .

, . . , , , , , , . , , , 75. -, -- , , (strategic emphases) , , , -

74 Georghiu M. Antituberculosis BCG vaccine: lessons from the past // Vaccinia, Vaccination,
Vaccinology. Jenner, Pasteur and their successors. International Meeting on the History of Vac-
cinology, 6-8 December 1995, Marnes-La-Coquette, Paris, France. Paris, 1996, p. 93.

75 , -
,
, . tuberculosis.

(Fine P. Issues... p. 30).


, 76.

, . . . . . -, : ; 15 , 77. , , , ( ?), : , ? , ? ? - ( ) . 130 - . : , , . , , , , , . , -

76 TDR Strategic... 2002. ,
. -
DOTS (directly observed therapy short course), 1991 1994 .,
30 7%. (Spread of in Western Pacific 'Unacceptable':
WHO: Kyodo News Service (13.09.99). ,
, , --
11$. , DOTS
95% . 12% -
, 95 212. ....

77 . ., . . . , 2001.
.

, ... , , , , % ... , , , , , ...78. , : 1980 1999 . ( 7 ) 34 ... 21 34, , , 7 79. , , , , , , 6 , , . , 21 95-99%- , , : , - : (3), (3), (), (4), (1), (16), (13), (21). - ¾ : , , , 80. - ?

: ... , , -

78 . . , 1873, . 37-38.

79 . . . . -
,
2001, 1, . 34-36.

80 .


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, . , 1987-1992 . 1 200 . , , , , , ƻ. : ... ; . ... ,

81 . . .
. , 2005,
1, . 29-32.

82 Alcaide J. et al. Vacuna BCG // Salleras L. Vacunaciones preventivas. Barcelona, 1998, p.
433.

, , ... , ... ... 5 170 , 19,6 100 000 . 42 , .. 32 100000 . 24 42 (57,2%) 18,3 100000 ... 1,5-2 . , 500-600 . , , , 60% , 300400 . , ... , . , -, . , , 30 10-12 . . , . ( ) ... , .... - ... , 44% -


83. , , . , , ?

, , ; , , . 9 . ? , , ! . . , , .... , . . . : . 50 ( !) , , , 84.

- , , , ( ) . , , , 2002-2003 . . 40% L- , , , . . , , (

83 . . . -
. , 1997, 5, . 31-36.

84 . . ? -, 24.01.2001.

1216 ) , , . : , . : , . ... 7 14 : , , , . , , ... , ... . : ? , . , ... , . , ... , , . , . , . . 38 . , . 80% : . , - .

, , (, , , ), , , , , . , , ( , , , , ) , -


, , . , . , , . ( ) , , , , , , , ().

: 40,6-43,1% ... ... 1990-94 . 19 , ...85. , 19 343 . , , . , ( ) , , , , : , 50 60 . , 40-50 . , , 5-10%. 50-60. , , , 16% 86. . : ,

85 . . . .
,
1996, 2, . 15-18.

86 . . -
. , 2001, 5, . 5-6.

. 1990 . 6,1 . , . , , , . , . , 87. . , , , , , , , ? , . , ?

2005 . , -. : . , - . . , . , , , . , , , . . , . , : , - 20 . , 3- -





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