. 10. 100BaseT4: ,
(autonegotiation), , . FLP (Fast Link Pulse), ( NLP 10BaseT). NLP, FLP . FLP. , 17 . 16- : , . . , FLP. , . . : 100BaseTX , 100BaseT4, 100BaseTX , 10BaseT , 10BaseT . 10BaseT, FLP NLP, lOBaseT. ( ), . (Fast Ethernet 10/100), 100BaseT4 .
100BaseT2 ( ) 3 . 5- -5. - , ( 100 / , 50 /).
100BaseFX 1300 . 100BaseTX 4/5, NRZI ( FDDI). ( 10 /) , 10BaseFL 830 . 412 . : - 2 , SM 32 .
100BaseSX (830 ) . , FX, 300 , 10BaseFL 10/100 / (802.3u). 100BaseFX , .
Fast Ethernet . :
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I (class I repeater) (translalional repeater), o , 100BaseTX/FX 100BaseT4. 140 bt.
II (class II repeater) (transparent repeater), 100BaseTX/FX 100BaseT4. 92 bt.
Ethernet Fast Ethernet . . , 4/ 5 6/8 ( ), .
Fast Ethernet 205 , II, I . 100 , 5 .
1.1.2.5. Gigabit Ethernet 1000 /
Gigabit Ethernet 1000 / (Ethernet). 0,26 50 , . , , 512 (4096 bt). 200 , . , CSMA/CD, . Gigabit Ethernet , .
(frame bursting). , , , . . .
Gigabit Ethernet IEEE 802.3z (1000BaseS, 1000BaseLX 1000BaseCX), 1998 , IEEE 802.3ab (1000Base), 1999 .
802.3z Fiber Channel. 8/10, 800 / 1 / ( 1,25 ). :
1000BaseSX (Short wavelength) (850 ) - . , (500 ), .
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1000BaseLX (Long wavelength) (1310 ) SM- - .
1000BaseLH 1310 SM - , IEEE .
1000BaseCX (25 ), . (twinaxial) (quad cable) , STP 1 2. DB-9 ( STP Token Ring), HSSDC (High-Speed Serial Data Connector).
1000BaseT (4 ) 5 ( 5) 100 . 5- (-5). , . . . 5 (, , 4- ae ). . (interconnection), -. () ().
1.2.6. : ,
Ethernet ( ) . (), ce, . , , , , , , . () , , (Ethernet, Token Ring, FDDI).
(, / 2- , 3- ), .
Ethernet 10 / :
BNC 10Base2;
AUI 10Base5, 10Base2, 10BaseT, 10BaseF, FOIRL.
RJ-45 MDIX 10BaseT ( );
RJ-45 MDI 10BaseT ( );
ST () 10BaseF.
Fast Ethernet 100 / :
RJ-45 MDIX 100BaseT / 100BaseT4 ( );
RJ-45 MDI 100BaseTX / 100BaseT4 ( );
SC ST () 100BaseF;
MII (40-) .
Gigabit Ethernet 1000 / :
RJ-45 1000BaseT;
SC () (-RJ ..) 1000BaseS, 1000BaseL;
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HSSDC DB9S 1000Base ( ).
BNC - , ( , 0,5 ). (), . ( - ).
AUI MII , . AUI- 50 . MII 0,5 , MII .
RJ-45 MDIX, . RJ-45 MDI MDIX MDI, . MDIX (crossover), 10BaseT, 100BaseT 100BaseT4 (.10).
, Ք Rx . , R .
(repeater) Ethernet ( ). (hub).
. , (partitioning) , . , . . . - . - , jam-. , , , ( ). 32 , (partitioned) . . , . (auto partition) . Fast Ethernet . (jabber) (40 000 75 000 ).
. . , , . . :
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.
10 / 4 ( 10BaseFB, ).
25 10 / 2,5 100 /.
Fast Ethernet 100 / I . II .
Ethernet RJ-45 BNC. BNC 30 .
, , . , 4 Ethernet 2 Fast Ethernet 2. Fast Ethernet 2 1 ( ), .
(bridge) ( ) - . - . , , - , ( ). , , . , . , ( , ). . : , . , - . (transparent bridge), IEEE 802. 1d.
(switch) , , . . . , . ( ), . .
.
(store and forward) , , , . , , , . . () () , CSMA/CD. ( ) , . ( CRC-) ( ). ( 10 / 1,22 ).
(on-the-fly) . , . 6 () , . , , . (8+6)8 =112 bt, 10 / 11,2 . CRC , , , .
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, ( ), , . N - N/2 . N, .
. , , . , , . (. . 20, 200 2000 /). 10 / , , . , , . ( ) , . (ASIC). . :
( ), . . , . , . , . , ( ) , ( ) .
. () , . . . , , . , ATM Ethernet Token Ring FDDI ATM. . (passive backplane), (hot swap).
, . , , . . ( ). ( ).
, .
.
, 24-30. 1-2 , . () . , , . . , .
( , ). , , . ( ), , . , , .
, . , . : , , (. 11). . . , . , . , ( ). , . , , 0,5 1 .
. 11. : ,
,
: ( ) , ( / ). , , , . . , , . ( ). (, ) . 10 / 1-2 100 /.
, . ( ) , 802.3. .
. Ethernet IEEE 802.3x. , . ( ), 803.3, .
. , ( , , ). () , . , .
, , . , , .