.


:




:

































 

 

 

 





 

. , , :

1. , .

2. (4.7):

. bi , , y 0, .

3. k, yk .

4. , . . 6.

5. , : bik = bik + xi k, , , ; bir = bir + xi r, , yr ³ yk.

6. . 2.

, .

, , :

1. , , .

2.

(4.8)

, Midij j , i max j i min j . , 0 ( - 0 ) , , yj 0, .

3. () k, yk .

4. , . , . k , . Nk k ( Nk 1).

. (4.9)

 

5. . 2.

, .

. . , . , . . , , , . , , , .

, , , , , , . , , . , .

, . , . , , , . .

, , , . , , .

, , . , , , .

.

. p p * n . 1, ( ), 0 .

:

. (4.10)

p p *. p.

p I b = (p 1, p 2), b , .

n. 100, p 1 p 2 :

; (4.11)

, (4.12)

t b , b.

n ( ) :

, (4.13)

. (4.14)

(. 4.3).

4.3

 

b t b b t b b t b b t b
0,80 1,282 0,86 1,475 0,91 1,694 0,97 2,169
0,81 1,310 0,87 1,513 0,92 1,750 0,98 2,325
0,82 1,340 0,88 1,554 0,93 1,810 0,99 2,576
0,83 1,371 0,89 1,597 0,94 1,880 0,9973 3,000
0,84 1,404 0,90 1,643 0,95 1,960 0,999 3,290
0,85 1,439     0,96 2,053    

:

1. .

2. . , .

3. : .

4. .

5. n , p 1 p 2. p 1 , , , , . 3. , . , 2 . , , , .. . 2.

, . (. 4.4).

4.4

 

1 2 N
  11 12   1 N
  21 22   2 N
       
1 2   N

 

ij i j. , . . , , .

, . , . , , , .

, N, m () , , .. :

 

.

 

i (0;1). , :

1. , , yk . , yk min. .

2. , , , , , . yk .

:

 

. (4.15)

 

 

. (4.16)

 

, .

, , . , , , , .

, , .

() , , , , , .. .

4.4.5.

.

, , , .

- , , .

() . ( ) . , . , .

, , ( ..).

. 4.52. , .


. 4.52.

 

, (. 4.53).

 

. 4.53.

 
 

 

, .

, I II , , () (). .

.

. , , , . , .

xi , - , bi .

, bi. , . , xi y bi.

 

4.4.6. ,

 

, . 4.54.

 


. 4.54.

 

, 1, 2 5, 3, 4 6. . , , . , .

, 1, 2, 3 4 ( ). :

1 1;

2 2;

3 3;

4 4.

:

1 2 , ?

2 4 , ?

3 1 , ?

4 2 , ?

5 ?

1, , 0, .

5 ( = 5) i (4.7). bi - , .

(. 4.55).

.

1 ( , ). (, )

 

1 = 0; 2 = 1; 3 = 0; 4 = 1; 5 = 1.

 

y :

1: y 1 = b 11 x 1 + b 21 x 2 + b 31 x 3 + b 41 x 4 + b 51 x 5 = 0;

2: y 2 = b 12 x 1 + b 22 x 2 + b 32 x 3 + b 42 x 4 + b 52 x 5 = 0;

3: y 3 = b 13 x 1 + b 23 x 2 + b 33 x 3 + b 43 x 4 + b 53 x 5 = 0;

4: y 4 = b 14 x 1+ b 24 x 2 + b 34 x 3 + b 44 x 4+ b 54 x 5 = 0.

 


. 4.55. ,

 

y , . ( , ). , , . , ( 1), b:

 

b 11 = b 11 + x 1 = 0; b 21 = b 21 + x 2 = 1;

b 31 = b 31 + x 3 = 0; b 41 = b 41 + x 4 = 1;

b 51 = b 51 + x 5 = 1.

 

, , yk , y ( , 2, 3 4), b.

2: b 12 = b 12 x 1 = 0; b 22 = b 22 x 2 = 1; b 32 = b 32 x 3 = 0; b 42 = b 42 x 4 = 1; b 52 = b 52 x 5 = 1.

3: b 13 = b 13 x 1 = 0; b 23 = b 23 x 2 = 1; b 33 = b 33 x 3 = 0; b 43 = b 43 x 4 = 1; b 53 = b 53 x 5 = 1.

4: b 14 = b 14 x 1 = 0; b 24 = b 24 x 2 = 1; b 34 = b 34 x 3 = 0; b 44 = b 44 x 4 = 1; b 54 = b 54 x 5 = 1.

.

.

y . 2. () :

 

1 = 0; 2 = 1; 3 = 0; 4 = 1; 5 = 0.

 

1 y 1 = 0 × 0 + 1 × 1 + 0 × 0 + 1 × 1 + 1 × 0 = 2;

2 y 2 = 0 × 0 + (1) × 1 + 0 × 0 + (1) × 1 + (1) × 0 = 2;

3 y 3 = 0 × 0 + (1) × 1 + 0 × 0 + (1) × 1 + (1) × 0 = 2;

4 y 4 = 0 × 0 + (1) × 1 + 0 × 0 + (1) × 1 + (1) × 0 = 2.

 

y 1, 2. , .

2: b 12 = b 12 + x 1 = 0 + 0 = 0; b 22 = b 22 + x 2 = (1) + 1 = 0; b 32 = b 32 + x 3 = 0 + 0 = 0; b 42 = b 42 + x 4 = (1) + 1 = 0; b 52 = b 52 + x 5 = (1) + 0 = = 1.

1: b 11 = b 11 x 1 = 0 0 = 0; b 21 = b 21 x 2 = 1 1 = 0; b 31 = = b 31 x 3 = 0 0 = 0; b 41 = b 41 x 4 = 1 1 = 0; b 51 = b 51 x 5 = 1 0 = 1.

3: b 13 = b 13 x 1 = 0 0 = 0; b 23 = b 23 x 2 = (1) 1 = 2; b 33 = b 33 x 3 = 0 0 = 0; b 43 = b 43 x 4 = (1) 1 = 2; b 53 = b 53 x 5 = (1) 0 = = 1.

4: b 14 = b 14 x 1 = 0 0 = 0; b 24 = b 24 x 2 = (1) 1 = 2; b 34 = b 34 x 3 = 0 0 = 0; b 44 = b 44 x 4 = (1) 1 = 2; b 54 = b 54 x 5 = (1) 0 = = 1;

.

. 1. , ,

 

1 = 0; 2 = 1; 3 = 0; 4 = 1; 5 = 1.

 

y , b.

 

1: y 1 = 0 × 0 + 0 × 1 + 0 × 0 + 0 × 1 + 1 × 1 = 1;

2: y 2 = 0 × 0 + 0 × 1 + 0 × 0 + 0 × 1 + (1) × 1 = 1;

3: y 3 = 0 × 0 + (2) × 1 + 0 × 0 + (2) × 1 + (1) × 1 = 5;

4: y 4 = 0 × 0 + (2) × 1 + 0 × 0 + (2) × 1 + (1) × 1 = 5.

 

y 1 1, . .

0,7 90%- . , 100 . , . 78 100. p * = 0,78. 90%- . (4.11), (4.12) ( n = = 100) p 1 p 2:

 

p 1 = 0,705; p 2 = 0,840; I b = (0,705; 0,840).

 

, 0,9 0,705 0,840. 0,7. , .

, . , :

1. : 1 = 1; 2 = = 1; 3 = 5; 4 = 5.

2. min. : 1 = 6; 2 = 4; 3 = 0; 4 = 0.

3. . .

, , .. :

 

p 1 = 0,6; p 2 = 0,4; p 3 = 0; p 4 = 0.

 

:

 

N = {( 1/0,6), ( 2/0,4), ( 3/0), ( 4/0)},

 

.. 1 0,6; 2 0,4; 3 0; 4 0.

 





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