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: () RSA -.

 

1.

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() RSA

RSA . RSA . , RSA , .

. 1.

. 1. RSA

 

1) d ( )

- q

- n = *q

- : φ() = (p-1)(q-1)

- d : 1 < d ≤ φ(), (d, φ( n) ) =1

- e: < n, e * d ≡ 1 (mod φ(n))

2)

- - : = h (M)

- - m d S = md (mod ) M

3) -

- S e - m'=Se (mod )

- - M

= h ()

- - ' = S .

:

4) - : m = h(M).

M 312. RSA = 3, q = 11, =p*q = 3*11 = 33, d =7 = 3. 0 6 ( ). - M=312 :

1 = (M1 + H0)2 (mod ) = (3 + 6)2 (mod 33) = 81 (mod 33) = 15;

H2 = (2 + H1)2 (mod ) =(1 + 15)2 (mod 33) = 256 (mod 33) = 25;

3 = (3 + H2)2 (mod ) = (2 + 25) 2 (mod 33) = 729 (mod 33) = 3; = 3

- m d S = md (mod n) M: S = 37 (mod 33) =2187 (mod 33) = 9

S (.. - ') .

m'= Se (mod ) = 93 (mod 33) =729 (mod 33) = 3

- ' , .. = m' .

 

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, , . .

.

1) x ( )

- q, q<p

- , <

- :

= qx (mod )

2)

- - M: =h(M)

- k, 0<k< -1 (k, -1) = 1

- : = qk (mod )

- b :

m = ( + kb) (mod (-1))

- S = (, b) M .

 

3) - ( )

- - M

'=h(M)

- , < , m = m'

a ab (mod ) = qm (mod )

 

4) ( ):

- q (q <), =11, q= 2 = 8;

-

= qx (mod ) = 28(mod 11) = 3;

- - , (312) = h (M), = 3( M RSA).

- k, -1. k= 9, (9, 10) = 1.

- b

= qk (mod ) = 29 (mod 11) =6.

b :

m = ( + kb) (mod (-1)); 3= (8*6 + 9*b) (mod 10)) -9*b = -45(mod 10)

b =5.

= 6, b = 5.

S = (,b) M . - m' M. - h().

= 3,

a ab (mod ) = qm (mod )

36*65 (mod 11) = 23(mod 11)

5668704(mod 11) = 8 (mod 11) 8(mod 11) = 8(mod 11),

, .

, .

, k. k .

 

2.

:

1) RSA -.

2) RSA -. .

 

3.

1. , .

2. , -, .

3. , .

4. , RSA , . .

5. , - , . .

6. .

 

 



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: 2016-11-12; !; : 4609 |


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