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FAQ

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% percent (per cent) [pə'sent]

C degrees Centigrade ()

F degrees Fahrenheit ()

A. D. of our era ['ɪərə]

a. k. a. also known as

B. C. before Christ [kraɪst]

Btu British thermal unit

Btu British thermal unit

e. g. for example

etc. [et'set(ə)rə]

EU European Union

ft foot (. feet)

hp horse power

hr hour

i. e. that is

in inch

kJ/kg kilojoule per kilogram

kw kilowatt

lb pound

mm millimeter

Mpa megapascal

Mw megawatt

MWt megawatt

MWth megawatt thermal

o. d. outer diameter

psi pounds per square inch

psia pounds per square inch absolute

( )

psig pounds per square inch gauge

( )

 

 

:

25 C twenty-five degrees Centigrade ['sentɪgreɪd] ( );

34 F thirty-four degrees Fahrenheit ['færənhaɪt] ( ).

:

 

 

a. adjective

adv. adverb

cj. (conj.) conjunction

n. noun

part. participle

pl. plural

prep. preposition

pron. pronoun

v. verb

 

 

ability [ə'bɪlɪtɪ] n
absorb [əb'zɔ:b] v
accessibility [ək,sesə'bɪlɪtɪ] n
achieve [ə'tʃi:v] v
act [ӕkt] v
addition in addition to [ədɪʃn] n
additional [ədɪʃnəl] a
admission [ədmɪʃn] n
advantageous [,ӕdvənteɪdʒəs] a
adversaly [ӕdvɜ:slɪ] adv
affect [əfekt] v ()
airfoil [eəfoɪl] n
alternately [ɔ:ltɜ:nɪtlɪ] adv
amber [æmbə] n
amount [əmaunt] n
application [,ӕplɪkeɪʃn] n
area [eərɪə] n ,
artificial [,a:tɪfɪʃəl] a
asphyxiating [,ӕsfɪksɪeɪtɪŋ] a
assistant [əsɪstənt] n
assumption [əsʌmpʃən] n
attach [ətӕtʃ] v
attract [ətrӕkt] v
available [əveɪləbl] a
  B
bank [bӕŋk] n ,
barge [ba:dʒ] n
bed [bed] n
blade [bleɪd] n
blow [bləʊ] v
boil [boɪl] v
boiler fire tube boiler [boɪlə] n
bottom [botəm] n
boundary [baʊndərɪ] n
break (broke, broken) [breɪk] v
bunker [bʌŋkə] n
burn [bɜ:n] v ,
burner [bɜ:nə] n
C
capacity [kəpӕsɪtɪ] n
carry carry out [kӕrɪ] v ,
casing [keɪsɪŋ] n
cast iron [,ka:staɪən] n
centrifugal [,sentrɪfju:gəl] a
chamber [tʃӕmbə] n
charge [tʃa:dʒ] v
chimney [tʃɪmnɪ] n
circuit short circuit [sɜ:kɪt]   n
circular [sɜ:kjʊlə] a
cleanliness [klɪ:nlɪnəs] n
clearance [klɪərəns] n ,
coal [kəʊl] n
coil [koɪl] n ,
collector dust collector [kəlektə] n ; ,
combustible [kəmbʌstəbl] a 1) n 2)
combustion [kəmbʌstʃən] n
compound [kəmpaʊnd] n
condensate [kəndensaɪt] n
conductor [kəndʌktə] v
consumption [kənsʌmpʃn] n
contain [kənteɪn] a
contribution [,kontrɪbju:ʃn] n
convective [kənvektɪv] a
conventional [kənvenʃənəl] a
converter [kənvɜ:tə] n
convertible [kənvɜ:tɪbl] a
cool [ku:l] v
cooler interstage cooler [ku:lə] n ;
correspond [,korɪspond] v
cover   cover conditions [kʌvə] 1) v 2) n
crush [krʌʃ] v
current alternating current [kʌrənt] n
curved [kɜ:vd] a
D
dump [dæmp] a
decompose [,dɪ:kəmpəʊz] v
decrease [dɪ:krɪ:s] [dɪ:kr ɪ:s] 1) n 2) v
deliver [dɪlɪvə] v ,
demand [dɪma:nd] n
density [densɪtɪ] n
depend [dɪpend] v e
depth [depθ] n
determine [dɪtɜ:mɪn] v
device [dɪvaɪs] n
diffuser [dɪfju:zə] n
dimension [dɪmenʃn] n
direct [daɪrekt] v
direction [daɪrekʃn] n
discharge [dɪstʃa:dʒ] 1) n 2) v ,
distribution [,dɪstrɪbju:ʃn] n
draft forced draft induced draft [dra:ft] n ; ()
draw (drew, drawn) [drɔ:] v
drive (drove, driven) [draɪv] v ,
drop [drop] n ,
drum [drʌm] n
dring [draɪɪŋ] n
dust [dʌst] n
E
economizer non steaming economizer steaming economizer [ɪkonə,maɪzə] n ; ;  
effect [ɪfekt] v
efficiency [ɪfɪʃənsɪ] n
efficiently [ɪfiʃəntlɪ] a
effort [efət] n
eliminate [ɪlɪmɪneɪt] v
end exhaust end [end] n
engine steam engine [endʒin] n
engineering [,endʒɪnɪərɪŋ] n
entrance [entrəns] n
equipment [ɪkwɪpmənt] n
essential [ɪsenʃl] a
evolve [ɪvolv] v
evaporate [ɪvəæpəreɪt] v ()
exchanger heat exchanger [ɪkstʃeɪndʒə] n
exhaust [ɪgzɔ:st] 1) n , 2) v
exit [eksɪt] n
expansion [ɪkspænʃn] v
expensive [ɪkspensɪv] a
extract [ɪkstrŋkt] v
F
fan foil air fan axial flow fan long blade plate type fan [fæn] n
fault [fɔ:lt] n ,  
feeder [fɪ:də] n
feedwater [fɪ:d,wɔ:tə] n
fine [faɪn] a
fire [faɪə] v ,
fission [fɪʃn] n
flame [fleɪm] n
flange [flændʒ] n
flood [flʌd] n
flow axial flow   [fləʊ] 1) n ; 2) v
fluid [flu: ɪd] n ,
force [fɔ:s] 1) v , 2) n
foundation lay foundation [faʊndeɪʃn] n
frequency [frɪ:kwənsɪ] n
friction [frɪkʃn] n
fuel fossil fuel [fjʊəl] n
furnace cyclone furnace [fɜ:nɪs] n
fusion [fju:ʒn] n ,
G
gas flue gas [gæs] n
gears [gɪəs] n pl
generate [dʒenəreɪt] v ,
generation [,dʒenəreɪʃn] n
generator steam generator [,dʒenəreɪtə] n n
give (gave, given) give up [gɪv] v v
governor [gʌvənə]
grate [greɪt] n
gravity [grævɪtɪ] n
grill [grɪl] n
grind (ground, ground) [graɪnd] v
H
handling [hændlɪŋ] n
hardware [ha:dweə] n
hazard [hæzəd] n
head velocity head [hed] n
heat [hɪ:t] n
heater air heater [hɪ:tə] n
housing [hauzɪŋ] n
hydrogen [haɪdrəʤən] n
I
ignition [ɪgnɪʃn] n ,
impeller [ɪmpelə] n
impinge [ɪmpɪnʤ] v ,
improve [ɪmpru:v] v
impurities [ɪmpjʊərɪtɪz] n pl
inclination [,ɪnklɪneɪʃn] n
inclined [ɪnklaɪnd] a
include [ɪnklu:d] v
induce [ɪndju:s] v ,
inescapable [,ɪnəskeɪpəbl] a
influence [ɪnflʊəns] v
injection [ɪnʤekʃn] n
inspection [ɪnspekʃn] n
install [ɪnstɔ:l] v
installation [,ɪnstəleɪʃn] n
insulation [,ɪnsjʊleɪʃn] n
intake [ɪnteɪk] n
intermediate [,ɪntəmi:dɪət] a
introduce [,ɪntrədju:s] v
investigate [ɪnvestɪgeɪt] v
involve [ɪnvolv] v
L
lamp [læmp] n
lead (led, led) [li:d] v
leak [li:k] n
leave (left, left) [li:v] v ,
length [lenθ] n
level [level] n
light [laɪt] n v
lightning [laɪtnɪŋ] n
link [lɪŋk] v
liquid [lɪkwɪd] n a
load [ləʊd] n
lobe [ləʊb] n ,
locate [ləʊkeɪt] v ()
loose (lost, lost) [lu:z] v
loss [loss] n
M
machine [məʃi:n] n v
machinery [məʃi:nərɪ] n
maintain [meɪnteɪn] v
maintenance [mentənəns] n
manufacture [,mænju:fæktʃə] v
mean [mi:n] v
means by means of [mi:nz] n prep
measure [meʒə] v
melt [melt] v ()
mill pulp and paper mill [mɪl] n -
minute [mɪnɪt] a
missile guided missile [mɪsaɪl] n
mix [mɪks] v
motion [məʊʃn] n
mount [maʊnt] v
move [mu:v] v
N
nozzle fixed nozzle [nozl] n
nuclear [nju:klɪə] a
number a number of [nʌmbə] n
O
obtain [əbteɪn] v ,
occupy [okjʊpaɪ] v
occur [əkɜ:] v ,
oil [ɔɪl] n
operation [,opəreɪʃn] n
output [aʊtpʊt] n
outside [aʊtsaɪd] adv ,
overcome (overcame, overcome) [,əʊvəkʌm] v
overhead [,əʊvəhed] a
overloading [,əʊvələʊdɪŋ] n
oxygen [oksɪdʒən] n
  P
partial [pa:ʃl] a
passage [pæsɪdʒ] n
perfect [pəfekt] v
photocell [fəʊtəsel] n
pick pick up [pɪk] v
pipe [paɪp] n
piping [paɪpɪŋ] n
piston [pɪstn] n
plate [pleɪt] n
plant [pla:nt] n ,
plunger [plʌnʤə] n
power [paʊə] n v
preliminary [prɪlɪmɪnərɪ] a
pressure exhaust p. [preʃə] n
prevent [prɪvent] v
prime mover [praɪmmu:və] n
process [prəses] [prəʊses] v n
produce [prədju:s] v
profitable [profɪtəbl] a
promote [prəməʊt] v ,
property [propətɪ] n
protect [prətekt] v
provide [prəvaɪd] v
pulverized [pʌlvəraizd] a
pump centrifugal pump fluid-impellent pump hot-well pump multistage pump piston pump reciprocating pump rotary pump [pʌmp] n
put put into operation [pʊt] v ,
Q
quantity [kwontɪtɪ] n
R
radial [reɪdɪəl] a
rarefied [,reərɪfaɪd] a
rate [reɪt] n
ratio [reɪʃɪəʊ] n
ration [ræʃən] n
raw [rɔ:] a
reach [ri:tʃ] v
rear [rɪə] n
reciprocating [rɪsiprəkeɪtɪŋ] a
recover [rɪkʌvə] v
reduce [rɪdju:s] v
reheater [ri:hi:tə] n
release [rɪli:s] v ,
relieve [rɪli:v] v ()
remain [rɪmeɪn] v
removal [rɪmu:vəl] n
remove [rɪmu:v] v
renewable [rɪnju:əbl] a
require [rɪkwaɪə] v
resemble [rɪzembl] v ( -)
residual [rɪzɪdjʊəl] a
rest [rest] n
result result from   result in [rɪzʌlt] 1) n 2) v 3) v
return [rɪtɜ:n] v
revolve [rɪvolv] v
rim [rɪm] n
ring [rɪŋ] n
rise [raiz] 1) v 2) n
room boiler room [ru:m] n ,
rotary [rəʊtarɪ] a
rotate [rəʊteɪt] v ()
row [rəʊ] n
rub [rʌb] v
runoff [rʌnof] n
  S
saturated [sætʃəreɪtɪd] a
savings [seɪvɪŋgz] n pl
scale [skeɪl] n
semiconductor [,semɪkəndʌktə] n
separation [,sepəreɪʃn] n
set [set] n
sewer [sju:ə] n
shaft [ʃa:ft] n
sheet tube sheet [ʃi:t] n
shell [ʃel] n
shield containment shield [ʃi:ld] n
side [saɪd] n
similar [sɪmɪlə] a
sinuous [sɪnjʊəs] a
slagging [slægiŋ] n
solution [səlu:ʃn] n
source [sɔ:s] n
spaced [speɪst] a
split [splɪt] v ()
stack [stæk] n
stage [steɪdʒ] n
start [sta:t] v
state [steɪt] n
station electric power station nuclear power station [steɪʃn] n
steam [sti:m] n
stocker chain-grate stocker [stokə] n
store [stɔ:] v
streamline [stri:mlaɪn] n
subject [sʌbʤɪkt] [sʌbʤɪkt] [səbʤekt] n , a v
substance [sʌbstəns] n
suction [sʌkʃən] n
suit [sju:t] v  
superheater [,sju:pəhi:tə] n
superheating [,sju:pəhi:tɪŋ] n
supplement [sʌplɪmənt] v
supply [səplaɪ] v ,
support [səpɔ:t] v
surface [sɜ:fɪs] n
surround [səraʊnd] v
surrounding [səraʊndɪŋ] n
T
table [teɪbl] n
throttel [θrotl] n ,
thrust axial thrust [θrʌst] n ,
throw (threw, threw) [θrəʊ] v
tidal [taɪdl] a
tight [taɪt] a
top [top] n
tower cooling tower [taʊə] n
transfer [trænsfɜ:] [trænsfɜ:] n v
transmission [trænzmɪʃn] n
treatment [trɪ:tment] n
trend [trend] n
trouble [trʌbl] n
turbine automatic extrationturbine impulse turbine reaction turbine [tɜ:bɪn] n
turbojet [tɜ:bəʊdʒet] a
turbulence [tɜ:bjʊləns] n ,
tube [tju:b] n
tubular [tju:bjʊlə] a
U
undergo [,ʌndəgəʊ] v
underground [,ʌndəgraʊnd] a
unit [ju:nɪt] n
unload [ʌnləʊd] v
urgent [ɜ:dʒənt] a
user [ju:zə] n
V
valve safety valve slide valve [vælv] n
vane [vein] n
vary [veərɪ] v ,
velocity [vɪlosɪtɪ] n
vented [ventɪd] a
viscosity [vɪiskosɪtɪ] n
volume specific volume [volju:m] n
volute [vəlu:t] n
W
warfare [wɔ:feə] n ,
waste [weɪst] n
water feed water [wɔ:tə] n
wave [weɪv] n
wear [weə] n
weight specific weight [weɪt] n
welding [weldɪŋ] n
wheel [wi:l] n
width [wɪdθ] n
wire [waɪə] n

 

 

1. .. , .. . : - - . .: , 2010. 154 .

2. .. , .., .., .., .. : - - . .: , 2007.110.

3. Raymond Murphy. English Grammar in use. Cambridge university press. 2010. 350 p.

C

.......... 3

I.

......................... 4

II. . 10

1.The use of solar energy .. 10

2. Renewable energy sources .... 11

3. Atomic energy ....... 12

4. Nuclear power stations .. 12

5. A steam engine .. 13

6. First inventors ....... 14

7. James Watt ... 15

8. George and Robert Stephensons ....... 16

9. The steam generating unit .... 18

10. The steam power plant ... 18

III. .......... 21

1. Basics of boilers and boiler processes .. 21

2. A simple boiler . 22

3. A simple power plant cycle .. 23

4. Carnot efficiency... 23

5. Properties of water and steam .. 24

6. Boiling of water 24

7. Basics of combustion .... 26

8. Main types of a modern boiler... 28

9. Steam boilers: Grate furnace boilers.. 29

10. Cyclone firing.. 30

11. Pulverized coal fired (PCF) boilers. 31

12. Oil and gas fired boilers.. 32

13. Fluidized bed boilers... 33

14. Heat recovery steam generators (HRSG). 35

15. Refuse boilers... 36

16. Recovery boilers.. 36

17. Bio-energy boilers... 37

18. Packaged boilers.. 38

IV. .... 39

. 39

1. Pump types 39

2. Fans 41

3. Blowers..... 42

4. Centrifugal compressors... 43

5. Power plant cycles..... 43

... 46

1. ................... 46

1. Combustion .. 46

2. Burning equipment 46

3. Stokers .. 48

4. Economizers and air heaters.. 49

5. Furnaces..... 50

6. The internal-combustion-engine power plant.... 53

7. Superheaters....... 55

2. .. 58

1. Im a first-year student....... 58

2. The history of our university.. 60

3. My future occupation: Industrial heat-power engineering. 61

.... 63

ꅅ... 75

 


 

 

 

 

 

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: .. 2014 ., . 135

 

. 15.12.2014. 6084/16. . 1.

. .-. . 4,75; . . . 4,75. 200 .

. 135. є.

 

 

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, 198095, -, . , 4.

 

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