, ∆t0 0C, ∆tn, . 6.
∆t0 =n(t-t)/R0 α, (7)
n , , . 2;
t , (4);
t , , 0.92 [2], . 3;
α , (1), . 3;
R0 (6) .
∆t0 < ∆tn, , - .
1
, a b | - , 0Ѱ | R, 2/, | |
| 2.1 2.8 3.5 4.2 4.9 5.6 | 3.2 4.2 5.2 6.2 7.2 8.2 | |
- | 0,00035 | 0,0005 | |
- | 1.4 | 2.2 | |
| 1.8 2.4 3.0 3.6 4.2 4.8 | 2.4 3.2 4.0 4.8 5.6 6.4 | |
- | 0,0003 | 0,0004 | |
- | 1.2 | 1.6 | |
1.4 1.8 2.2 2.6 3.0 3.4 | 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 | ||
- | 0,0002 | 0,00025 | |
- | 1,0 | 1,5 |
2
∆tn, | ||
1. , - , , | 4.0 | 3.0 |
2. , , , | 4.5 | 4.0 |
3. , | t td, 7 | 0,8(t td), 6 |
4. | t td | 0,8(t td), |
5. ( 23 .) 50% |
3
α, α n
|
|
α, | α | n | ||
, , | 8.7 | |||
, | 8.7 | |||
8.7 | ||||
8.7 | ||||
, | 8.7 |
4
5
ρ, /3 | λ, /0 | |||
- | 0.7 | 0.81 | ||
- | 0.76 | 0.87 | ||
- | 0.76 | 0.93 | ||
0.33 | 0.41 | |||
0.52 | 0.58 | |||
0.17 | 0.23 | |||
0.41 | 0.47 | |||
0.11 | 0.13 | |||
1.92 | 2.04 | |||
0.13 | 0.14 | |||
0.11 | 0.12 | |||
0.07 | 0.076 | |||
0.064 | 0.07 | |||
0.052 | 0.06 | |||
0.041 | 0.05 | |||
0.05 | 0.05 | |||
0.06 | 0.064 | |||
0.33 | 0.22 | |||
0.10 | 0.12 | |||
-PS30 | 0.036 | 0.036 | ||
0.15 | 0.15 | |||
6