. 3- :
1. ( , ):
CuSO4 + BaCl2 = BaSO4↓ + CuCl2
2. ( ):
Na2CO3 + 2HCl = 2NaCl + H2O + CO2↑
3. . , , :
HCl + NaOH = NaCl + H2O
, .
- .
, . . , , ( ) .
Cu2+ + SO42- + Ba2+ + 2Cl- = BaSO4↓ + Cu2+ + 2Cl-
:
SO42- + Ba2+ = BaSO4↓
2. . (%) , .
:
ω = / ,
ω
:
ω = Ar n / Mr,
Ar ,
n ,
Mr ( M )
:
(VI) SO3.
:
Mr (SO3) = 32 + 16 3 = 80
ω (S) = 32: 80 = 0,4 = 40%
ω (O) = 16 3: 80 = 0,6 = 60%
: 40% + 60% = 100%
: 40%; 60%.
11
1. . : c , , , ( ).
, :
HCl → H+ + Cl-
: ( ) .
(.. , ). , H3O+
2- 1:
1.
2. , , , , ( ) :
Zn + 2HCl = ZnCl2 + H2↑
3. :
CuO + 2HCl = CuCl2 + H2O
( (II), ) (II)
|
|
4. :
NaOH + HCl = NaCl + H2O
5. , , :
Na2CO3 + 2HCl = 2NaCl + H2O + CO2↑
6. :
AgNO3 + HCl = HNO3 + AgCl↓
. .
1. , . , .
2. . , .
( )
3. .
, . !!! , . .
12
1. , : , ( ).
, (, ) OH.
:
ZnCl2 + 2NaOH = Zn(OH)2↓ + 2NaCl
, . .. , .
, , . , , , :
Zn(OH)2 + 2HCl = ZnCl2 + 2H2O
( )
, , .
.
:
H2ZnO2 + 2NaOH = Na2ZnO2 + 2H2O
, -, .