1. .., . ., . , . . , 2003
2. .. . . '' '' 1983 .
3. .. , .. . , . , 1991 .
4. .. , .., .. . . , 1980 .
5. . . . , 1983 .
6. , .2. . .,1990.
7. . . . . 2001 .
8. 2.01.01-91 23-01-99
9. . . 2.04.01.-85. ., , 1986
10. . . . 2.04.02.-84. ., ,1986
11. . . . 2.04.03.-85. ., ,1986
12. 11-3-79** .
13. 2.04.05-91 , .
14. 2.04.07-86* .
15. . -41-101-95.
16. .
17. .., .. . . . , 1984.
2
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7
h/d v, v 
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8
I n, d, h/d, v ( n=0,012, n=0,013, n=0,0134, n=0,014).
15
, , , .
| . , | Q, 3/ | , | % | ∆h, | |
| |||||
| 50-32-125/132/2 | 1,1 | 1,0 | |||
| 50-32-125/142/2 | 12,5 | 1,0 | |||
| 50-32-125/152/2 | 2,2 | 1,5 | |||
| 50-32-125/165/2 | 3,0 | 17,5 | 2,0 | ||
| 50-32-200/185/2 | 4,0 | 17,5 | 2.0 | ||
| 50-32-200/205/2 | 5,5 | 2.0 | |||
| 65-40-125/124/2 | 1,5 | 0,5 | |||
| 65-40-125/117/2 | 2,2 | 0.7 | |||
| 65-40-125/128/2 | 3,0 | 1,0 | |||
| 65-50-160/154/2 | 4,0 | 1,5 | |||
| 65-50-160/165/2 | 5,5 | 1,7 | |||
| 65-50-200/189/2 | 5,5 | 1.5 | |||
| 65-50-200/202/2 | 7,5 | 1,5 | |||
| 65-50-125/124/2 | 3,0 | 1.0 | |||
| 65-50-125/133/2 | 4,0 | 1,0 | |||
| 60-50-160/146/2 | 5,5 | 1,5 | |||
| 60-50-160/161/2 | 7,5 | 1,7 | |||
| 60-50-200/180/2 | 11,0 | 1,5 | |||
| 65-50-200/202/2 | 15,0 | 2,0 | |||
| 80-65-125/121/2 | 4,0 | 2,0 | |||
| 30-65-125/130/2 | 5,5 | 2,5 | |||
| 80-65-125/137/2 | 7,5 | 3,0 | |||
| 80-65-160/152/2 | 11,0 | 3,0 | |||
| 80-65-160/168/2 | 15,0 | 3,5 | |||
| 80-65-200/183/2 | 18,5 | 3,0 | |||
| 80-65-200/191/2 | 22,0 | 3,5 | |||
| 80-65-200/210/2 | 30,0 | 4,0 | |||
| |||||
| 50-32-125/142/4 | 0,25 | 6,0 | 5,2 | 0,8 | |
| 50-32-160/150/4 | 0,25 | 7,0 | 6,2 | 0,75 | |
| 50-32-160/165/4 | 0.37 | 8,0 | 7,5 | 0,75 | |
| 50-32-200/191/4 | 0,55 | 9,0 | 10,0 | 1,0 | |
| 50-32-200/205/4 | 0,75 | 11,0 | 10,5 | 1,0 | |
| 65-40-125/128/4 | 0,37 | 13,0 | 4,7 | 0,3 | |
| 65-40-160/154/4 | 0,55 | 12,5 | 6,6 | 0,5 | |
| 65-40-160/165/4 | 0,75 | 13,5 | 7,6 | 0,5 | |
| 65-40-200/189/4 | 0,75 | 12,0 | 8,5 | 0,7 | |
| 65-40-200/202/4 | 1,1 | 14,0 | 11,3 | 0,7 | |
| 65-50-125/133/4 | 0,55 | 25,0 | 4,7 | 0,3 | |
| 65-50-160/154/4 | 0,75 | 28,0 | 6,3 | 0,2 | |
| 65-50-160/168/4 | 1,1 | 30,0 | 7,6 | 0,2 | |
| 65-50-200/187/4 | 1,5 | 5,0 | 0,6 | ||
| 65-50-200/202/4 | 2,2 | 28,0 | 12,3 | 0,6 | |
| 80-65-125/136/4 | 0,75 | 45,0 | 4,3 | 0,7 | |
| 80-65-125/140/4 | 1,1 | 50,0 | 5,0 | 1,0 | |
| 80-6S-160/162/4 | 1,5 | 50,0 | 7,0 | 0,6 | |
| 80-65-160/168/4 | 2,2 | 55,0 | 7,7 | 0,8 | |
| 80-65-200/187/4 | 2,2 | 45,0 | 10,5 | 7,5 | 0,5 |
| . 80-65-200/200/4 | 3,0 | 50,0 | 12,0 | 0,6 | |
| 80-65-200/210/4 | 4,0 | 55,0 | 13,5 | 0,9 |
|
|
|
18
t=95 , t=70 R=0,2
,
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