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.. (.. Whelpton, 1893-1964). .: Bogue D.J. Techniques for Making Population Projections: Age-Sex Projections. Chicago, 1980. P. 8. Reprinted in: Readings in Population Research Methodology. Volume 5. Population Models, Projections and Estimates. Chicago, 1993. P. 17-7- 17-10.

( , ) , -, , 3:

P0 P1 - (); - ; D - ; i - ; 0 - . , D, Mi 0 ().

-, , - , .

() , . t0, Di, t0+t

t, . , . . . ( ).

. , , , , . , (5- 10-). . . . , .

(on an age-specific basis). . (as age-specific survival rations) . -, . , , , .

, 1 5 . , , , , , . , , . , . , , . , , . , . , (validity) (utility) , .

Bogue D.J. Techniques for Making Population Projections: Age-Sex Projections. Chicago, 1980. P. 8. Reprinted in: Readings in Population Research Methodology. Volume 5. Population Models, Projections and Estimates. Chicago, 1993. P. 17-7.

, , .

to ( ) x0. : , , -, , . ( +1) t1 :

(Lx Lx+l - +1 ), Msx - .

0 .

0 t1 , , , , . . , , :

- ; ASFRX - ; Fx - . , (1-5), 8 - , 0,507 0,517, 0,512 ( , 105 100). , - , 0 .

, . , . .

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