FAT.
2. .
.
VFAT.
FAT32.
6. .
HPFS.
FAT.
, FAT (file allocation table) . , , ( ) FAT. FAT , .
FAT - (.10.6): .
.10.6.
, . , . , , DOS. , :
(boot record, BR);
(reserved sector, ResSecs);
(file allocation table, FAT);
(root directory, Rdir).
.
. , () , . . ( ). FAT , ( ), ' . FAT-16 16- , , 216=65536 ( 0 65535).
, ( ). . , . , (. . 10.3).
10.3. FAT16
| ᑺ , | ʳ | , |
| 16-127 | ||
| 128-255 | ||
| 256-511 | ||
| 512-1023 | ||
| 1024-2047 |
(, ). 2. .
|
|
|
: , FAT; ; , , .
, . , . . 4.3 , 32 ( - 512 1023 ), 16 , 8 , 100 . ( , , HPFS, NTFS, FAT32 , UNIX) ( - 512 4 ). FAT32 , FAT 228 . , , , Windows 9 Windows NT, 4 , FAT, DOS, , .
FAT . 4.7. , ' MYFILE.TXT . MYFILE.TXT 12 . (chain) : 8, 9, 0, 0, 15, 16, 17, 19, 1, 1, 1C, ID. 18 F7 (bad), . , , , FAT . ID FF ( ) , . ³ () 00; , . , , , , , , , , . , .
.10.7. FAT
, FAT , ( / ) , .
' FAT , . ﳿ FAT . . , . , , ScanDisk Windows 9x ﳿ FAT , ﳿ.
|
|
|
, , , . , . 4.4.
4.4.
| , | |
| FAT | |
. .10.8, , , , , .
. 10.8 .
DOS.
, , ( [0-1-1]). Boot Record , , disk parameter block (DPB) system bootstrap (SB). (DPB) , system bootstrap DOS. .4.5.
4.5. Boot Record FAT16
| , | , | ||
| 00 (0) | JUMP3EH | SB | |
| 03 (3) | i | ||
| 0 (11) | SectSize | , | |
| 0D (13) | ClastSize | ||
| 0E (14) | ResSecs | ||
| 10 (16) | FATcnt | FAT | |
| 11H(17) | RootSize | Rdir | |
| 13 (19) | TotSecs | , 32 | |
| 15 (21) | Media | __ | |
| 16H (22) | FATsize | FAT, | |
| 18H (24) | TrkSecs | __ | |
| 1A (26) | HcadCnt | ||
| 1 (28) | HidnSccs | ||
| 20 (32) | , 32 | ||
| 24H (36) | ( , 80H -) | ||
| 25H (37) | () | ||
| 26 H (38) | 29H | ||
| 27H (39) | |||
| 2BH(43) | ̳ | ||
| 36 (54) | |||
| 3 (62) | System bootstrap | ||
| 1FEH(510) | ( 55) |
boot record JMP SB. 90 (NOP ). , - . DPB, SB.
Disk Editor ϳ . . , , , .
. , , FAT32 DPB , , FAT16 , . , FAT16, , 쳺 FAT32, , FAT32. FAT32 00 0 OEM ID, 0 59 DPB. ³ DBP; . 4.6.
|
|
|
4.6. boot record FAT32
| , | , | ||
| 00H(0) | JUMP 3EH | SB | |
| 03H(3) | |||
| 0BH(11) | SectSize | , | |
| 0DH(13) | ClastSize | ||
| 0EH(14) | ResSecs | , FAT32 32 | |
| 10H(16) | FATent | FAT | |
| 11H(17) | RootSize | 0000H | |
| 13H(19) | TotSecs | 0000H | |
| 15H(21) | Media | ||
| 16H(22) | FATsize | 0000H | |
| 18H(24) | TrkSecs | ||
| 1AH(26) | HeadCnt | ||
| 1CH(28) | HidnSecs | ( ). | |
| 20H(32) | |||
| 24H(36) | FAT | ||
| 28H(37) | |||
| 2AH(38) | |||
| 2CH(39) | |||
| 34H(43) | ﳺ | ||
| 36H(54) |
VFAT FAT32.
FAT 8.3, 8 3 - . FAT ( FAT16) , Microsoft ( - Windows 95 Windows NT): VFAT ( FAT) FAT32, Windows 95 Windows 98. (FAT32) , Windows Millennium Edition, Windows 2000. FAT32, Windows NT Linux.
VFAT ' Windows for Workgroups 3.11 / . Windows 95 VFAT (long file name, LFN). VFAT FAT; , 8.3, 8.3 , . VFAT Windows 95, Windows NT 4. VFAT , VFAT . , DOS , FAT. FAT, VFAT ( FAT32). , VFAT , VFAT.
|
|
|
Windows 95 32- VFAT. VFAT 32- 16- . FAT 12- 16-, , FAT. VFAT 32- .
FAT VFAT . FAT. Microsoft Windows 95 OEM Service Release 2 ( Windows 95 Windows 95 OSR2) VFAT FAT32. FAT32 32- FAT.
, FAT32 . , FAT32 , 65535 (, ). , 8 FAT32 4- . FAT16 ( 10-15%).
FAT32 FAT . FAT32 ﳿ ; FAT32 FAT . FAT32 . , , , (512 ).
Windows 95 OSR2 Windows 98 VFAT, Windows NT. To, VFAT VFAT FAT32. FAT ( FAT32 , FAT VFAT) , FAT32 , FAT32. FAT 4 , FAT32 . , FAT . 512 . FAT Microsoft : , . VFAT (. 10.9).
. 10.9. FAT, VFAT FAT32.
DOS . ' : , . , ; () . , , , , . . , .
' , , . . () , , . ' , , ' , . .
|
|
|
. س DOS. DOS :
( archive). , , . DOS ON () . OFF () . , , ON;
(D- directory). , , ;
(V - volume). . , , ' . , ;
(S system). , , ;
( hidden). , , ON (S), , DIR;
(R read only). , . , , , - , DOS . , .
, , , . , , , .
FAT12 FAT16 ' . . FAT32 10 . , NT, , , , DOS Windows 9, Windows NT.
, FAT12 FAT16, FAT32. , FAT32, FAT12 FAT16.
.10.9, . , , . ' 256 , ' 25 FAT (1 8.3 24 ). ʳ VFAT 21. , , Microsoft FAT FAT32, . , , ' ( 8.3), 260 . FAT32 , . Microsoft 75-80 , (180-185 ).
HPFS.
HPFS High Performance File System . HPFS ' OS/2 1.2 LAN Manager. HPFS IBM Microsoft IBM MVS, VM/CMS . HPFS- , .
HPFS , . HPFS, FAT , , , . HPFS , FAT, , file-associated, , (EAs). . - .
, HPFS, , . : , , , ( ) . ij, HPFS , , , , , , , (, , . , , ) . / (rotational latency / ). , HPFS , FAT, :
;
;
, ;
.
HPFS. (. 4.10).
. 4.10. HPFS
. HPFS (, , band). 8 . ֳ , , . . 1, , 0 .
, . : , , , , , .. 16 . . 10.10.
, , FAT, / . , , HPFS . .
HPFS , FAT, . , . , . , 256 . , , . , FAT 512 1024 16 . , 8 (8192 ) , HPFS 256 . , 8 .
. 10.10 , HPFS . (boot block), (super block) () (spare block). (boot block) 0 15; ' , , BIOS . OS2LDR, ' , , , ' OS/2 - OS2KRNL. OS2KRNL CONFIG.SYS ' .
(super block) (bitmap bloc; list). , , . (bad bloc list), (directory b and), (F-node) , CHKDSK. () . , . super block . , HPFS 8 . super block 16 , HPFS.
(spare block) (hotfix map hotfix-areas), (directory emergency free block list), , . 17 . HPFS .
HPFS ', F-Node. HPFS FAT . F-Node. ' F-Node ( ). ' F-Node 15 , , , ( , ), .. F-node . HPFS . ; . , .
' ( 8.3) , ' FAT, . ' 8 , , . , HPFS, .
HPFS , , , . , 32- . , , , . , 32- . , , , . . HPFS , / . HPFS , 4 , . , , , , .
. , (allocation block), 40 , 㳺 , . , 480 , 7,68. 2 , .
, , . directory band. , 8 . , , HPFS . /. ij, / , , FAT. HPFS FAT. NTFS, master file table , .
( Directory Band ) HPFS . , FAT , , . HPFS , (. 4.11). , - , , , , , , , , ', .
. 4.11. .
HPFS (B-Tree). , , FAT. (, F-node), , . .
ij, , , 4096 , FAT 64 , HPFS 2-4 ( ) . HPFS FAT. , , 40 1640 , 65 640 . , 65 640 . FAT, 4000 .
, HPFS, 2 . , , . ' 13 ( 8.3), 2 40 . ' ( ) .
. , . , , . HPFS , . . SpareBlock.
. HPFS , . , . HPFS , , . FAT, , . HPFS , , ( ). / . , , HPFS 4 . , . HPFS , . , HPFS - 4 / .
, , , , . 䳿 , - , HPFS, , , , . , , . () , , - . , HPFSOPT Gamma Tech , , , , 2 3 , ( , , , 8 ). , 2 , 6 . , , 3 . .
HPFS. - , . HPFS (hotfix).
HPFS , . HPFS , , , . HPFS. HPFS . . , 32- . , , . ϳ , ' , , , . , , . , , , . CHKDSK HPFS. () CHKDSK ( ) . , . ϳ CHKDSK , HPFS, . .
' HPFS, , , 32- . , , ' . ' HPFS CHKDSK , , . , CHKDSK , . CHKDSK . , , .
HPFS . , , . HPFS IFS CONFIG.SYS. . , , IFS HPFS 2 , 8 D:
IFS=E: \OS2\HPFS.IFS /CACHE:2048 /CRECL:4/AUTOCHECK:CD
CONFIG.SYS :
RUN=:\OS2\CACHE.EXE /Lazy:0n /BufferIdle:2000 /DiskIdle:4000 /MaxAge:8000 /DirtyMax:256 / ReadAhead:On
() , , , . , Lazy On , Off . BufferIdle , , . ( ) 500 . DiskIdle ( ), , . 1 . .
MaxAge ( ), 볻 . 5 . HELP-, OS/2 Warp.
, HPFS , OS/2. , HPFS386.IFS. HPFS.IFS , HPFS386.IFS ( 㳿 ) ACL (access control list). , , NTFS. , HPFS386.IFS HPFS.IFS ', . , ' , HPFS.IFS ᑺ 2 , . , HPFS386.IFS . , , , /. / .
CONFIG.SYS, HPFS386.IFS :
IFS=E: \IBM386FS\HPFS386.IFS /AUTOCHECK:EGH
RUN=E: \IBM386FS\CACHE386.EXE /Lauzy:0n /BufferIdle:4000 /MaxAge:20000
ֳ . , , , HPFS386.IFS :, G: :. 20 . , , HPFS386.INI, E:\IBM386FS.
, . , HPFS386.INI . [ULTIMEDIA]:
[ULTIMEOIA]
QUEUESORT={FIFO|ELEVATOR|DEFAULT|CURRENT}
QUEUEMETHOD={PRIORITY|NOPRIORITY|DEFAULT|CURRENT}
QUEUEDEPTH-{1...255|DEFAULT|CURRENT}
QUEUESORT . ³ FIFO, ELEVATOR, DEFAULT CURRENT. FIFO, , , . . ELEVATOR, . ELEVATOR ( C-SCAN ). , , / (, ), , . , / . QUEUESORT DEFAULT, . ELEVATOR. CURRENT, ; , DASD Manager .
QUEUEMETHOD , . ³ PRIORITY, NOPRIORITY, DEFAULT CURRENT. NOPRIORITY, , . PRIORITY, DASD Manager , . DASD Manager , , .. HPFS386, .
High:
1. Shutdown .
2. .
3. foreground .
4. background . ( 3 4 , CONFIG.SYS RIORITY_DISK_IO=NO.)
5. Read-ahead ( ).
6. Lazy-Write , .
Low:
7. .
QUEUEMETHOD DEFAULT, . PRIORITY. CURRENT, , DASD Manager .
QUEUEDEPTH . ³ (1...255), DEFAULT CURRENT. QUEUEDEPTH , , . , SCSI- , (tagged queue mailbox). , , SCSI- . QUEUEDEPTH , . QUEUEDEPTH DEFAULT, , . CURRENT, . CURRENT DEFAULT.
, HPFS386 :
QUEUESORT=FIFO
QUEUEMETHOD=DEFAULT
QUEUEDEPTH=2
DASD Manager :
QUEUESORT=ELEVATOR
QUEUEMETHOD=PRIORITY
QUEUEDEPTH=< >
DASD Manager /QF:
BASEDEV=OS2DASD.DMD /QF:{1|2|3}
1 - QUEUESORT = FIFO; 2 - QUEUEMETHOD = NOPRIORITY; 3 - QUEUESORT = FIFO
QUEUEMETHOD = NOPRIORITY.
, (installable file systems IPS), , . . , , OS/2 IFS- VFAT (FAT ), FAT32, Ext2FS ( Linux), NTFS (, ). CD-ROM CDFS.IFS. FTP.IFS, ftp- . Windows NT.
