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Testing Treatments, Imogen Evans, Hazel Thornton, Iain Chalmers. . www.jameslindlibrary.org.

 

How to Read a Paper, Greenhalgh. . , , .

 

Irrationality, Stuart Sutherland. How We Know What Isnt So Thomas Gilovich, . Reckoning with Risk (Gerd Gigerenzer) , .

 

Meaning, Medicine and Placebo Effect (Daniel Moerman) , , .

 

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1.

 

12 : Daily Mirror. 2003.4 January.

16 : http://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/southeast/sites/mind/pages/hopi.shtml

16 , : Seely D.R., Quigley S.M., Langman A.W. Ear candles efficacy and safety // Laryngoscope. 1996. 106 (10) (October). P. 12261229.

17 : Ibid.

22 : Green .., Honwana A. Indigenous healing of war-affected children in Africa //IK Notes / Knowledge and Learning Center Africa Region, World Bank Washington. 1999. 10. : http://www.africaaction.org/docs99/viol9907.htn1

 

 

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49 : Marshall . Reducing unnecessary consultation a case of NNNT? // Bandolier. 1997. 44 (4). P. 13.

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55 : Majeed A.W. et al. Randomised, prospective, single-blind comparison of laparoscopic versus small-incision cholecystectomy // Lancet. 1996. 347 (9007) (13 April). P. 98994.

56 : Schulz K.F., Chalmers I., Hayes R.J., Altman D.G. Empirical evidence of bias: Dimensions of methodological quality associated with estimates of treatment effects in controlled trials // JAMA. 1995. 273. P. 408412.

56 : Ernst ., White A.R. Acupuncture for back pain: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Arch Int Med (1998); 158. P. 223541.

56 : Ibid.

57 Ernst E., Pittler M.H. Efficacy of homeopathic arnica: a systematic review of placebo-controlled clinical trials // Arch Surg. 1998. 133 (11) (November). P. 11871190.

60 : Khan K.S., Daya S., Jadad A.R. The importance of quality of primary studies in producing unbiased systematic reviews // Arch. Intern. Med. 1996. 156. P. 661666; Moher D., Pham B., Jones A. et al. Does quality of reports of randomized trials affect estimates of intervention efficacy reported in metaanalyses? // Lancet. 1998. 352. P. 609613.

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66 : Shang A., Huwiler-Miintener K., Nartey L., Jiini P., Dorig S., Sterne J.A., Pewsner D., Egger M. Are the clinical effects of homoeopathy placebo effects? Comparative study of placebo-controlled trials of homoeopathy and allopathy // Lancet. 27 August 2 September. 2005. 366 (9487). P. 726732.

67 : Tallon D., Chard J., Dieppe P. Relation between agendas of the research community and the research consumer // Lancet. 2000. 355. P. 20372040.

61 : BBC Radio 4 Case Notes (19 July 2005).

 

 

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77 (1972): Blackwell B., Bloomfield S.S., Buncher C.R. Demonstration to medical students of placebo responses and non-drug factors // Lancet. 1972. 1 (7763) (10 June). P. 12791282.

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77 B 1970 : Hussain M.Z., Ahad A. Tablet colour in anxiety states // BMJ. 1970 (22 August). 3 (5720). P. 466.

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78 : Kaptchuk T.J., Stason W.B., Davis R.B., Legedza A.R., Schnyer R.N., Kerr C.E., Stone D.A., Nam B.H., Kirsch I., Goldman R.H. Sham device v inert pill: randomized controlled trial of two placebo treatments // BMJ. 2006 (18 February). 332 (7538). P. 391397.

77 : Branthwaite A., Cooper P. Analgesic effects of branding in treatment of headaches // BMJ. (Clin Res ed). 1981. 282. P. 15761578.

78 : Waber et al. Commercial features of placebo and therapeutic efficacy // JAMA. 2008. 299. P. 10161017.

79 : Ginoa F. Do we listen to advice just because we paid for it? The impact of advice cost on its use. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 2008. ( 25 2008 ). : http://dx.d0i.0rg/10.1016/j.0bhdp.2008.03.001.

79 : Montgomery G.H., Kirsch I. Mechanisms of placebo pain reduction: an empirical investigation // Psych. Science. 1996. 7. P. 174176.

80 - : Cobb L.A., Thomas G.I., Dillard D.H., Merendino K.A., Bruce R.A. An evaluation of internal mammaryartery ligation by a double-blind technic // N. Eng. J. Med. 1959. 28 May. 260 (22). P. 11151118.

81 : Linde ., Gadler F., Kappenberger L., Ryden L. Placebo effect of pacemaker implantation in obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy // Am. J. Cardiol. 1999. 83 (6) (15 March). P. 903907.

81 : Johnson A.G. Surgeiy as a placebo // Lancet. 344 (8930) (22 October 1994). P. 11401142.

81 : Crum A.J., Langer E.J. Mindset matters: exercise and the placebo effect // Psych. Science. 18 (2) (February 2007). P. 165171.

83 : Gryll S.L., Katahn M. Situational factors contributing to the placebos effect // Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1978. 57. P. 253261.

83 [1985]: Gracely R.H., Dubner R., Deeter W.R., Wolskee P.J. Clinicians expectations influence placebo analgesia // Lancet. 1985 (5 January). 1 (8419). P. 43.

84 1987 , : Thomas .. General practice consultations: is there any point in being positive? // BMJ (Clin. Res. ed). 1987. (9 May). 294 (6581). P. 12001202.

85 : Tallis R. Hippocratic Oaths: Medicine and its Discontents. Atlantic, 2004.

86 : Levi-Strauss C. The sorcerer and his magic // Structural Anthropology / Trans. C. Jacobson, B.G. Schoef. Basic Books, 1963.

87 1965 : Park L.C., Covi L. Nonblind placebo trial: an exploration of neurotic patients responses to placebo when its inert content is disclosed // Arch. Gen. Psych. 1965 (April). 12. P. 3645.

88 : Wolf S. Effects of suggestion and conditioning on the action of chemical agents in human subjects; the pharmacology of placebos // J. Clin. Invest. 1950. 29 (1) (January). P. 100109.

88 : Fuente-Femandez, dela, R., RuthTJ., SossiV., Schulzer ., Caine D.B., Stoessl A.J. Expectation and dopamine release: mechanism of the placebo effect in Parkinsons disease / / Science. 2001. 293 (5532) (10 August). P. 11641166.

88 (2005): Zubieta J.K., Bueller J.A., Jackson L.R., Scott D.J., Xu Y., Koeppe R.A., Nichols T.E., Stohler C.S. Placebo effects mediated by endogenous opioid activity on mu-opioid receptors // J Neur. 2005 (24 August). 25 (34). P- 77547762.

89 : Ader R., Cohen N. Behaviorally conditioned immunosuppression // Psychosom. Med. 1975. N9 37 (4) (July-August). P. 333340.

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90 tom : Moerman D.E. Meaning, Medicine and the Placebo Effect. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002. P. 34.

90 : Moerman D.E., Harrington A. Making space for the placebo effect in pain medicine // Sem. in Pain. Med. 2005. 3 (March) (1 Spec issue). P. 26.

91 2002 : Walsh .., Seidman S.N., Sysko R., Gould M. Placebo response in studies of major depression: variable, substantial, and growing // JAMA. 2002. 287 (14) (10 April). P. 18401847.

94 : Ernst ., Schmidt . Aspects of MMR // BMJ. 2002. 325. P. 597.

 

 

6.

 

98 : Frankfurt H.G. On Bullshit. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2005. : http://press.princeton.edu/video/Frankfurt

115 50 : http://www.nutraingredientsusa.com/news/ng.asp?n=85087

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115 : ThomquistM.D., OmennG.S., Goodman G.E., Grizzle J.E., Rosenstock L., Barnhart S., Anderson G.L., Hammar S., Balmes J., Cherniack M. Statistical design and monitoring of the Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Trial (CARET) // Control. Clin. Trials (1993). 14. P. 308324; Omenn G.S., Goodman G.E., Thornquist M.D., Balmes J., Cullen M.R., Glass A., et al. Effects of a combination of beta carotene and vitamin A on lung cancer and cardiovascular disease // N. Engl. J. Med. 1996. 334. P. 11501155. : http://jnci.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/ijlink?linkType=ABST&journalCode=nejm&resid=334/18/1150]

116 : Vivekananthan D.P. et al. Use of antioxidant vitamins for the prevention of cardiovascular disease: meta-analysis of randomised trials // Lancet. 2003. 361. P. 20172023. : http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/ PIIS0140673603136379/abstract

116 : Caraballoso ., Sacristan ., Serra ., Bonfill X. Drugs for preventing lung cancer in healthy people // Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2003. P. 2.

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117 : Chalmers I. Invalid health information is potentially lethal // BMJ (2001). 322 (7292). P. 998.

118 : Connor Kluwer J.M. Global Pricefixing: Our Customers Are the Enemy j I Springer. 2001. : http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=7M8n4UN23WsC

119 : Michaels D. (ed.) Doubt is Their Product: How Industrys Assault on Science Threatens Your Health. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008.

 

 





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