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IEEE 802.x




802 IEEE 1980 . ( IEEE 802.x) ISO 8802‑1 ISO 8802‑5. 802 , , , . IEEE 802.x . 802.x :

- (Logical Link Control, LLC)

- (Media Access Control).

LLC , . , , LLC.

MAC , . Ethernet, Token Ring, FDDI, Fast Ethernet, 100VG-AnyLAN . MAC.

802 , , .

802.1 , IEEE 802 OSI, .

:

- 802.1d /; .

- 802.1h ( ).

- 802.1p .

- 802.1q (Virtual LAN, VLAN) /.

802.2 LLC.

802.3 MAC CSMA/CD. 802.3 Ethernet (10 /c), 802.3u Fast Ethernet (100 /c), 802.3z 802.3ab Gigabit Ethernet (1 /). 802.3x . 802.4 MAC (Token Ring, MAP (Manufacturing Automation Protocol) ).

802.5 MAC (Token Ring).

802.6 (Metropolitan Area Network, MAN).

802.7 .

802.8 - .

802.9 ISDN .

802.10 .

802.11 .

802.12 (100VG-AnyLAN).

 

32 CSMA/CD

 

CSMA/CD , -, , , - .

. , , . , , ( ), (9.6 ), , , .

, , , , , . .

, . (collision). ( ). , (jam), 32 , ( ). (, ).

( 512 , .. 51,2 ). , 0..2n (1<=n<=10) 0..210 (10<n<=16). n . 16 ( ), MAC .

( , .) . , , . , , (, ) . , . Tmin , RTT (round trip time, , ), : Tmin ≥ RTT. Ethernet ,

31 Ethernet. 10/.

Ethernet 10 /:

  • 10BaseT ( );
  • 10Base2 ( );
  • 10Base5 ( );
  • 10BaseFL ().

s

1990 IEEE 802.3 Ethernet . l0BaseT (10 10 /, Base , ) Ethernet, (UTP). (STP) lOBaseT - .

, , Ethernet. lOBaseT (multiport) . , , : , .

l0BaseT 100 (328 ). 2,5 ( 8 ). l0BaseT 1024 .

3,4 5 UTP
RJ-45
100 IEEE 802.3, ,
( :))
, - 1024

Base2

IEEE 802.3 10Base2 [10 - 10 /, Base , 2 , 100 ( 185 )].

, Ethernet, 185 . 0,5 (20 ). , , 185- , 30 .

Ethernet:

  • BNC -;
  • BNC -;
  • BNC-.

Ethernet . IEEE Ethernet -- . - .

BNC -, , . , 30 , 20 5 . - , . - , .

Ethernet . :

  • ;
  • ;
  • .

IEEE 802.3, Ethernet 30 ( ) .

185 (607 )
BNC T-
5 4-
- 30
, ( )
925 (3035 )
, - 1024

.

Base5

IEEE 10Base5 [10 10 /, Base , 5 500 (5 100 )]. - Ethernet.

( Ethernet) . Ethernet 100 ( , ..) . , , , . Ethernet 500 2500 (8200 ).

Ethernet , Ethernet.

:

  • .
    , , ( ), .
  • .
    ( ) .
  • DIX-, AUI-. .
  • N- ( -) -.

Ethernet , Ethernet.

500 (1650 )
BNC T-
5 4-
, ( )
2500 (8200 )
- 100

Ethernet. , .

.

BaseFL

10BaseFL (10 - 10 /, Base - , FL - ) Ethernet, .

10BaseFL - ( ). 10BaseFL - 2000.

Fast Ethernet

 

10- Ethernet 15 . 90- .

1992 , Ethernet, SynOptics, 3Com , Fast Ethernet Alliance , Ethernet.

IEEE 802.3 Fast Ethernet 802.3u, , 802.3 21 30.

Fast Ethernet Ethernet (. 4.4). MAC LLC Fast Ethernet , 802.3 802.2.

Fast Ethernet , :

- , ;

5, ;

3, .

Fast Ethernet , . Fast Ethernet 200 , 10 10 10- Ethernet.

Fast Ethernet. , 90- , . Fast Ethernet , , , ( - - ).

. 4.4 Fast Ethernet

 

Ethernet ( ), Fast Ethernet - , .

802.3 Fast Ethernet :

- 100Base-TX UTP 5 STP Type 1;

- 100Base-T4 UTP 3, 4 5;

- 100Base-FX , .

.

- Fast Ethernet 10- Ethernet.

- (IPG) 0,96 , 10 . , , , , MAC, .

- Idle ( , Ethernet 10 /).

:

- (reconciliation sublayer);

- (Media Independent Interface, MII);

- (Physical layer device, PHY).

, MAC, AUI, II.

(PHY) , , (. . 4.4):

- , MAC 4/5 8/6 ( Fast Ethernet);

- (PMD), , NRZI MLT-3;

- , , , ( ).

II MAC PHY.





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