- - . , . , .
- , -. .
, . - - . " " , , . .
, , , .
- , , , - . , , , , . . , , .
. - , . , , ()
- , . - - - . .
|
|
. , , , , .
- . , . . 70-90- . , .
. , , , , . - , . , . - , - . - , , , . . , :
(Latin Monetary Union), 1865 . , ( ) ( );
(Gold Standard), , , ; 1880-1914 ., , 1925-1931 ., (Gold Bullion Standard) - (Gold Exchange Standard) ;
- (Bretton Woods System), , 1944 . - (, -); : - , , , (International Monetary Fund) (International Bank for Reconstruction and Development);
1971-1973