, .
, .
Qd = f(P) , .
Pd = f(q) , .
, Qd = 24 - 2 Pd = 12 - 0,5 Q;
.
, , (P) . , , , .
(. 3-7). (P2< P1), (Q2>Q1), . , (P2> P1), (Q2<Q1), .
Q1 |
Q2 |
P2 |
P1 |
D |
Q |
P |
. 3-7. |
:
1) ( ) (I income),
2) (Z),
3) (W waiting),
() , , - .
, , - .
4) - (Psub)
5) (Pcom),
6) ( ) (N)
(B), , .
:
Qd = F(P, I, Z, W, sub, m, N, ),
. 3-8. |
D |
D2 |
D1 |
Q |
P |
(. 3-8):
, ( ) , .. D D2. , , . , .
- , .
- , .
, , .
|
|
, , .. D D1.
- , . , .
, . ( ) .
, , . , , , .
, , . , , .
( ) , , , . .
, - . .
, , , , . , , , ..
(S - supply) - .
, , , .
(Qs) - , .
, , , : , ( ) .
, 20 . X, 30 . , 50 . X.
Qs = f(P),
Qs .
.
.
S |
P |
Q |
, , .
|
|
. 3-9. |
. 3-9 S ( . supply) . , .
, , , .
.
Qs = f(P) , . Ps = f(Q) , .
A |
B |
P |
Q |
S |
, (P). . (. 3-10):
. 3-10. |
, :
1) () - Pr,
2) - ,
3) - W,
4) - ,
5) - N,
6) - .
Qs = f(P, Pr, K, W, T, N, B),
, , .. S S1. , , S S2 (. 3-11):
. 3-11. |
S2 |
S1 |
P |
Q |
S |
. , () () .
, (, .) , ( , ..)
P |
Q |
S |
(. 3-12):
. 3-12. |
(), . (. 3-13):
. 3-13. |
P |
Q |
S |
P |
Q |
S |
(. 3-14):
. 3-14. |