),
. , ,
, ,
(. . ).
.
.
,
,
.
() ,
.
(
), , .
:
, . ,
, . ,
, , ,
. ()
,
, .
.
, (externali-
ties) _
, .
"",
, .
, .
,
. ,
()
().
MSC = + , (13.1)
MSC (marginal social cost);
ї (marginal private cost);
ї (marginal external cost).
13
MSC = +
S S = MRC
1 / }
N.D = MSB
|
|
' Qr- Q, "Q
. 131.
(negative externality)
,
. . -
. ,
. ,
.
-
,
,
.
,
( 131)
Qt
,
, ,
MSB, . = MSB.