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(Active) Tim Berners-Lee developed the World Wide Web (WWW).
(Passive) The World Wide Web (WWW) was developed by Tim Berners-Lee.

. , , .

, , by.

The experiment was carried out by the scientist. .

, by:

to build to compose damage
to design to destroy to discover
to invent to make to write

, , , . , , (, someone, people, I, you .)

Hamlet was written by Shakespeare. .

, , , . . .

Somebody changed the password. The password was changed (by somebody). - . .

, .

 

with, , .

The cake was cut with a knife. .

 

, ( ), , .

They gave additional instructions to him. He was given additional instructions ( ). Additional instructions were given to him ( ).

 

, :

to allow to mention to refuse
to ask to offer to report
to award to order to sell
to buy to pass to send
to bring to pay to show
to give to present to take
to grant to promise to teach
to hand to read to tell
to lend to receive to write
to make to recommend  

(can, may, must, etc.) be + Past Participle have been + Past Participle.

The manager must sign the check. .
The check must be signed by the manager. .

 

make, hear, see, help to.

The teacher made him check the results. He was made to check the results by the teacher.

 

:

1. ( ) + .

 

The article was translated. .
The article will be translated. .

- .

The article is translated. .

 

2. , -/ .

 

The article is being translated. .

 

  3. - , . . .  
The article was translated. .
         

 

, :

I was invited to the conference. 1. . 2. .




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