(Absolute Participial Construction)
( there). , , , , , , , , . . , .
Models:
Weather permitting, we shall go to the country. | , . |
This beingso urgent, we must reconsider our decision. | , . |
My mother was cooking dinner, my sister helping her. | , . |
We could not come to any conclusions, there being many objections to it. | , () . |
Things packed, we started off. | , () , . |
, , with. with .
Model:
The changes observed will be treated in two works, with the latter included in the present volume. | , () ( ) . |
. , other conditions (factors, things) being equal .
Model:
Other conditions being equal, the latency of inhibitory potentials did not change. | . |
XII. GERUND
Voice Tense | Active | Passive |
Indefinite | Translating | being translated |
Perfect | having translated | having been translated |
, .
I. :
1. (Active, Passive).
Models:
I like reading. | (). |
He does not like being read to. | , |
I remember having shown her the letter. | , . |
She remembers having been shown that book before. | , . |
2. .
Indefinite Gerund , , .
Models:
I am surprised at his missing lessons so often. | , . |
We think of going there in May. | . |
Swimming is a good exercise. | . |
Perfect Gerund , , .
|
|
Model:
She is surprised at my having missed so many lessons this term. | , . |
Perfect Gerund , . on (upon), after Indefinite Gerund, , , , .
Models:
On seeing his father, the boy ran up to him. | , . |
After concluding the contract, the representative of the firm left Minsk. | , . |
(Subject)
ing , , , , .
Models:
Smoking is dangerous. | . |
Meeting her seemed a good end to the day. | . |