- . - , , , . 䳿 - , 䳿.
䳿 . , - . 쳿 : , , , . 糿 , . , 糿 䳿 . ϳ .
. ϳ . . ϳ 䳿 .
| ó | Act as an interpreter |
| , , ? | An attack is an offensive operation that destroys or defeats enemy forces, seizes and secures terrain, or both. Movement, supported by fires, characterizes the conduct of an attack. |
| , , ? | An attack differs from a movement to contact because enemy main body dispositions are at least partially known, which allows the commander to achieve greater synchronization. This enables him to mass the effects of the attacking force's combat power more effectively in an attack than in a movement to contact. |
| ³ , , , . , , ? | It is located on the friendly side of the line of departure (LD) and offers cover and concealment for the attacking force. It is used primarily at battalion level and below. An attack position facilitates the deployment and last-minute coordination of the attacking force before it crosses the LD. An attacking unit occupies an attack position for a variety of reasons; for example, when the unit is waiting for specific results from preparatory fires or when it is necessary to conduct additional coordination, such as a forward passage of lines. |
| , , ? | An axis of advance designates the general area through which the bulk of a unit's combat power must move. |
| , , ? | No, the division does not use an attack position nor does it assign attack positions to its subordinate elements. Attack positions are usually used by battalions and smaller units. |
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Lesson 31 Combat Support
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| Active terms and expressions |
| combat support (cbt spt) | [] ; ; |
| combat support element (cmb spt elm) | [] ; pl (璺) |
| security (scty) | ; ; |
| army aviation support | ( ) |
| air defense support (AD spt) | |
| engineer support (engr spt) | ( ) |
| chemical support (cml spt) | ( ) |
| fire support | ; |
| psychological warfare support | |
| tactical support | |
| ground transportation support | |
| security forces | ; ; ; |
| scout | ; ; |
| target identification | |
| screen | ; ; |
| guard | ; ; ; |
| cover | ( ); ; |
| area security | |
| early warning | ; |
| deception operations | ; 䳿 |
| prisoner of war (POW) operations | |
| overhead cover | ; () |
| ground reconnaissance (gnd recon) | |
| reconnaissance (recon) | ; |
| air reconnaissance | |
| security resources | |
| military intelligence (MI) | |
| combat intelligence (CBTI) | |
| battle intelligence (bat intel) | |
| direct support | ; |
| close air support (CAS) | |
| cavalry squadron | |
| main body | ; ; () |
| intelligence preparation of battlefield (IPB) | ; |
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| to enhance the combat power of subordinate maneuver units | |
| to impair effectiveness of the enemy | |
| to protect the command against observation by hostile air and ground forces | [] |
| to prevent enemy reconnaissance of the defensive position | |
| to inflict maximum casualties | |
| to contribute to the units overall security | |
| to augment | ; ; () |
| to synchronize the efforts of the combat intelligence | |
| to perform NBC reconnaissance | , |
| to obtain intelligence data | |
| totask-organize | |
| to support ground operations by attacking hostile targets | |
| to give early warning of the enemy threat | 䳿 |
| to gain and maintain contact with the enemy | |
| to conduct security missions | [ ] |
| to provide timely information about possible contamination | |
| to conduct decontamination | [, ] |
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Combat support
Combat support is fire support and operational assistance provided to combat elements.
The commander uses combat support elements to enhance the combat power of his subordinate maneuver units and impair effectiveness of the enemy. The ground, air reconnaissance and security resources available to the corps include aviation, military police, fire support, air defense, and chemical assets. According to the U.S. Field Manuals tactical support includes fire support, air defense support, intelligence preparation of battlefield, chemical support, engineer support, army aviation support, and ground transportation support and psychological warfare support. At the tactical level, security forces protect the command against surprise attack and observation by hostile air and ground forces.
Security is provided by combat security forces which give early warning, prevent enemy reconnaissance of the main defensive position. Their mission is to inflict maximum casualties, and coordinate long-range fire on enemy formations.
Successful reconnaissance precedes successful operations. Reconnaissance is not under the control of any one particular branch or unit. As in reconnaissance operations, all units - combat, combat support, and combat service support contribute to the units overall security. The battalion is the lowest tactical echelon with its own organic reconnaissance assets.
Prior to the battle brigade commanders require specific information about the location of enemy reconnaissance elements. The aviation brigade can augment or perform missions alone. The commander of military intelligence detachment synchronizes the efforts of the combat intelligence, battle intelligence, ground reconnaissance, air reconnaissance and any attached intelligence assets with fire support, aviation, and maneuver units to locate, jam, and destroys the enemy's command and control (²) systems.
Corps air defense units provide early warning and enemy target identification. Finally, corps chemical units perform NBC reconnaissance. Its primary organic assets include the MI battalion and the cavalry squadron. In the conduct of operations, the higher headquarters commander prescribes security measures for the force. The purpose of security is to deny the enemy knowledge of what the friendly force is doing. Security may be achieved by conducting deception operations. Prior to all maneuver and fires the security measures are taken by a military unit to protect itself against possible threat. In any type of operations security detachments and combat support elements are used to perform these missions. Traditional security operations are screen, guard, cover, and area security. Coordinating and special staff officers have reconnaissance responsibilities. If the G2 needs to obtain certain intelligence data, he can request, through the G3, the cavalry squadron to perform these tasks.
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The division engineer anticipates future engineer support requirements. Major engineer efforts are directed toward preparing routes for the mobility of friendly forces. The senior commanderestablisheszones of obstacles to turn the penetrating enemy force. Highly mobile engineer forces should be task-organized with the reconnaissance elements in front of the striking force to conduct a breach. They enhance friendly direct and indirect fires.
The MP company will be in general support to the division with the priority to area security, and enemy prisoner of war operations. Military police assets conduct reconnaissance and area security missions to ensure uninterrupted use of main supply routes, and other key areas in the corps rear.
The commander retains centralized control of the organic and attached assets. The aviation brigade provides the division commander with rapid maneuver and aerial fires. This brigade adds depth to the division's battlefield. The aviation brigade can engage targets deep to delay and destroy attacking enemy units. Combat aircraft are also effective counterfireweapon systems. Close air support assets are best used against large enemy formations. Close air support is required to support ground operations by attacking hostile targets close to friendly ground forces.
Corps artillery possesses target acquisitionsystems. The field artillery mission is to destroy, neutralize, or suppress the enemy by cannon, rocket, and missile fire. Normally, one FA battalion is in direct support of a maneuver brigade. Artillery fire is provided by a 155-mm howitzer battalion. Mortars can be used to: destroy infantry in positions without overhead cover and provide smoke screens.Both conventional and nuclear fires might be employed to achieve desired results.
The mission of signal units is to provide communications network between higher headquarters and subordinate units. This combat support branch is responsible for establishing, operating and maintaining communication system. In any type of combat the purpose of security measures is to give early warning of the enemy threat.
Ground reconnaissance elements gain and maintain contact with the enemy. Geographical landmarks or terrain features can help in target identification. However,
cavalry, scouts, and aviation are generally considered as the maneuver units organized and equipped for conducting security missions. Further, the force maintains surveillance, provides early warning to the main body, impedes and harasses the enemy with supporting indirect fires, and destroys enemy reconnaissance elements within its capability.
With the advent of weapons of mass destruction, the commander must be ready to provide timely information to higher headquarters about possible contaminations. The division chemical officer employs the NBC reconnaissance and smoke where it can best support the division's main effort. Every effort is to be made to conduct decontamination. The assigned chemical specialists are the focal point for all NBC actions in garrison environment and in the field. They plan decontamination, smoke, flame, and NBC reconnaissance operations and supervise their execution.
| s | Answer the questions |
1. What combat support elements does a commander use to enhance his combat power?
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2. What is the mission of forces which provide security?
3. What forces contribute to successful reconnaissance?
4. What is the mission of Corps air defense units?
5. How do MP units conduct area security missions?
6. Why is it so important the air support?
7. What is the division chemical officer responsible for?
| > | Read, decipher and translate abbreviations |
cbt spt; scty; MP; POW; MI; FA; CAS; IPB; cmb spt elm; AD spt; engr spt; cml spt; gnd recon; recon; bat intel; NBC; CBTI
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| Translate into Ukrainian |
Combat support; security; air defense support; chemical support; psychological warfare support; ground transportation support; surprise attack; tactical echelon; reconnaissance element; chemical unit; scout; target acquisition system; guard; security measures; area security; deception operations; senior commander; overhead cover; reconnaissance; security resources; division engineer; combat intelligence; direct support; close air support; direct fire; general support; cavalry squadron; route; conventional and nuclear fires; geographical landmark; to enhance the combat power of subordinate maneuver units; to protect the command against observation by hostile air and ground forces; to inflict maximum casualties; to contribute to the units overall security; to synchronize the efforts of the combat intelligence; to perform NBC reconnaissance; to anticipate future engineer support requirements; to turn the penetrating enemy force; to conduct a breach; to add depth to the division's battlefield; to achieve desired results; to gain and maintain contact with the enemy; to impede and harass the enemy with supporting indirect fires; to conduct decontamination.
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| Translate into English |
[] ; ) ; ( ) ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ( ); ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ( ); ; ; 䳿; ; ; ; (, 璺); ; ; [] ; (); ; ; ; ; ; ; 䳿 ; [ ]; .
| ó | N | O | 
| Translate quickly |
; combat support element; ; ; army aviation support; ; engineer support; ( ) ; fire support; ; tactical support; ; security forces; ; combat security forces; - ; organic reconnaissance assets; ; military intelligence detachment; ; smokescreen; ; target identification; ; screen; ; cover; ; striking force; ; early warning; ; security detachment; []; prisoner of war operations; ; ground reconnaissance; ; air reconnaissance; ; Field Manual; 糿; military intelligence; ; battle intelligence; ; breach; ; indirect fire; ; MP company; ; counterfire weapon system; ; main body; ; organic and attached assets; ; intelligence preparation of battlefield; ; garrison environment; ; to impair effectiveness of the enemy; [] ; to prevent enemy reconnaissance of the defensive position; ; to coordinate long-range fire on enemy formations; ; to augment; ; to jam and destroy the enemy's command and control system; , ; ; to anticipate future engineer support requirements; ; to turn the penetrating enemy force; ; to conduct a breach; ; to add depth to the division's battlefield; ; to achieve desired results; 䳿 ; to gain and maintain contact with the enemy; ; to impede and harass the enemy with supporting indirect fires; ; to conduct decontamination.
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| A | Build up your vocabulary |
support
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| airborne fire support | |
| air-ground support | |
| all-out support | |
| amphibious support | |
| antiarmor support | |
| artillery support |
| backup support | |
| command, control and communication support | |
| civil affairs support | |
| coalition support | - |
| community support | |
| contingency data processing maintenance support | |
| counterintelligence support | |
| countermobility engineer support |
| command dedicated basis support | |
| contractor support | - |
| emergency support | |
| follow-on logistic support | |
| logistical military operation support |
