. () : , , , , .. , . (, , ), , - . . . , .
2.5.1.
, .
, ( ) : , .
.
F(x) max
gj(x) £ bj j = 1,2,3,... m (3.10)
:
F(x) , . , F(x) , x. x = (x1, x2,... xn) ;
bj = (b1, b2,...,bm) ;
gj(x) = (g1(x), g2(x),..., gm(x)) . , .
F(x), x = (x1, x2,... xn),
F(x) = c1x1 + c2x2 + c3x3 +... + cnxn, (3.11)
c1, c2, c3,..., cn ( ) ;
n ().
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- 1- : a11x1 +a12x2 + a13x3 +...+ a1nxn £ b1
- 2 - : a21x1 +a22x2 + a23x3 +...+ a2nxn £ b2 (3.12)
- 3- : a31x1 +a32x2 + a33x3 +...+ a3nxn £ b3
......................................................
- m- : am1x1 +am2x2 + am3x3+...+ amnxn £ bm
( m ).
(3.12) a11, a12, a13,..., a21, a22, a23... .. . (3.12) x,
,
c1x1 + c2x2 + c3x3 +... + cnxn max
a11x1 +a12x2 + a13x3 +... + a1nxn £ b1
a21x1 +a22x2 + a23x3 +... + a2nxn £ b2 (3.13)
a31x1 +a32x2 + a33x3 +... + a3nxn £ b3
..............................
am1x1 +am2x2 + am3x3 +... + amnxn £ bm
xj ³ 0 (j = 1,n)
(3.13) ( ) ( ). ( ) - ( ) , ( ), .
Vimin £ xi £ Vimax (3.14)
: x = (x1, x2,... xn), ( ) ( ) A min.
, (3.11), , x = (x1, x2,... xn).
F(x) = c1x1 + c2x2 + c3x3 +... + cnxn,(3.15)
c1, c2, c3,..., cn ( ) ( ).
a1x1 +a2x2 + a3x3 +... + anxn £ A min(3.16)
(3.16) a1, a2, a3,..., an ( ) , x = (x1, x2,... xn) .
, , (3.14)
Vimin £ xi £ Vimax (3.17)
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,
c1x1 + c2x2 + c3x3 +... + cnxn min
a1x1 +a2x2 + a3x3 +... + anxn £ A min (3.18)
Vimin £ xi £ Vimax
, , , aji (3.12) ( j , i ).
.
:
- | |||
() | .. | , , . .. | |
.. | , .. | ||
.. | , ., .. | ||
, , .. | |||
, | . | ||
(, .) | . | ||
.. | , , , . |
1- | 2- | 3- | ... | n- | |
1 | a11 | a12 | a13 | ... | a1n |
2 | a21 | a22 | a23 | ... | a2n |
... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
m | am1 | am2 | am3 | ... | amn |
, .
, , () . .
, , , . . . ( , ).
, , , , , . .
2.5.2.
|
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, . , , , .
. (3.13) .
, , y1, y2,..., ym. yi i- (, , - , 1 .. ..).
, , Z, , , b1, b2,..., bm, ,
Z = b1y1 + b2y2 + b3y3 +... + bmym min (3.19)
, , , , , .
1 () | 2 () |
c1x1 + c2x2 + c3x3 +... + cnxn max a11x1 +a12x2 + a13x3 +... + a1nxn £ b1 a21x1 +a22x2 + a23x3 +... + a2nxn £ b2 a31x1 +a32x2 + a33x3 +... + a3nxn £ b3 .............................. am1x1 +am2x2 + am3x3 +...+ amnxn £ bm xj ³ 0 (j = 1,n) X = (x1, x2,..., xn), , , . | b1y1 + b2y2 + b3y3 +... + bmym min a11y1 +a21y2 + a31y3 +... + am1ym ³ c1 a12y1 +a22x2 + a32x3 +... + am2ym ³c2 a13y1 +a23y2 + a33y3 +... + am3ym ³ c3 .............................. a1ny1 +a2ny2 + a3ny3 +... + amnym ³ cn yi ³0 (i = 1,m) () Y = (y1, y2,..., ym), , |
( ), . , , ,
a11y1 +a21y2 + a31y3 +... + am1ym ³ c1 (3.20)
. .
(1 2) , , , . :
n , .
|
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n .
n - " £ ", " ³ ".
n ,
a11 | a12 | ... | a1n |
a21 | a22 | ... | a2n |
... | ... | ... | ... |
am1 | am2 | ... | amn |
a11 | a21 | ... | am1 |
a12 | a22 | ... | am2 |
... | ... | ... | ... |
a1n | a2n | ... | amn |
1 A = 2 A =
n .
n .
1 2 , , .