.. - |Xn|¥
( xn=1/n, n0, xn¥)
-:
- ... . ...
(1/¥=0; 1/0=¥)
- ... ( )
...
- 2 ..=...
- 2 .. =
- -:
:
1. - y=f(x)
[a,b] f(a)*f(b)<0, ..
f(a) f(b) ,
(a,b) =,
f(c)=0 ()- -.
2. - y=f(x)
[a,b],
.
3. - y=f(x)
[a,b],
min m
max M ( ).
:
1. - f(x) g(x) 0,
, ,
( j(0)¹0) - -,
0
2. - y=f(x) 0, f(x0)>0,
0, f(x)>0
3. y=f(U) U0, U=j(x)
U0=j(x0), -
y=f[j(x)] 0.
, .
.
1. ncp.=DS/Dt, n=lim(DS/Dt), Dt0
2. pcp.=Dm/Dl, pT=lim(Dm/Dl), Dl0
Dy=f(x+Dx)-f(x), y=f(x)
lim(Dy/Dx)=lim((f(x+Dx)-f(x))/Dx)
Dx0 Dx0
-
-
.
y=f(x+Dx)-f(x), y=f(x).
- :
lim(Dy/Dx)=lim((f(x+Dx)-f(x))/Dx)=dy/dx
Dx0 Dx0
: lim(Dy/Dx)=y` Dx0
1) y=x, Dy=Dx, y`=x=lim(Dy/Dx)=1.
2) y=x2, Dy=(x+Dx)2-x2=x2+2xDx+Dx2-x2=Dx(2x-Dx),
(x2)`=lim((Dx(2x+Dx))/Dx)=lim(2x+Dx)=2x
x0 Dx0
.
KN=Dy, MK=Dx
DMNK/tg2=Dy/Dx
:
limtga=lim(Dy/Dx) Dx0
tga0=y`
aa0
Dx0 MN
M(tga0=y`, aa0)
, tg
, x0.
.
: f(x) g(x) . , :
. :
y(x)=f(u(x)) f(u) u(x),
y(x)=f(u(x))u(x).
. .
:
-:
- =
-
.
y`=f(x)*U`, yx`=yU`*Ux`, dy/dx=dy/dU=dU/dx
:
-.
y=f(x), x=j(y) - -.
- ,
= 0, - =
-, .. xy`=1/yx`.
Dy/Dx=1/(Dy/Dx) -
|
|
, ,
= :
lim(Dy/Dx)=1/(lim(Dy/Dx), .. yx`=1/xy
f`(x)=1/j`(x)
: