, (). () , .
() (Total revenue TR) , . :
TR =pQ
(Average revenue AR) , :
AR = TR / Q
(Marginal revenue MR) , ( ):
MR = ΔTR /ΔQ
, . (cost) . . , , , , , . , . , , , , . . . , , , , .
, . , . , , , :
, ;
, , ;
, , ;
, . . , , .
, , .
, , .
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. = . + .
, , , , , . , . . () . () .
(. > .) .
, , . . . = 0, , , .
, , , .
, , . , , , .
(fixed cost FC ) , . , . , , , , .. , .
(variable cost VC ) , . , , , , . .
, ( Q1) . .
() (total cost TC ) , .
T = FC + VC.
() (Q): TC = ƒ(Q). : Q = ƒ(TC).
() (. 2.14).
. 2.14 ,
, .. , .
(average fixed cost AFC ) :
AFC = FC / Q.
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(average variable cost AVC ) :
AVC = VC / Q.
U- . , . , . . .
(average total cost ATC ) , ( ).
ATC = TC / Q; ATC = AFC+AVC.
U- (. 2.15).
. 2.15
(marginal cost) , () . .
MC = ∆TC / ∆Q.
TFC = const, .
MC = ∆TVC / ∆Q.
. , . , MC < AC, . AVC MC. MC < ATC MC < AVC, . MC > ATC MC > AVC, . MC = AC, .
, . , (. 2.16).
. 2.16
(LAC). , . . LAC , , . LAC , (. . 2.16). Q* LAC, AC*. , .
. , LAC , .. AC . , LAC . , .
-. , , , , . , . . (LMC), .
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