.


:




:

































 

 

 

 





(41 , 22 .: -er, -ist, -ess, -ee1, -ant/-ent, -ite1, -an, -eer, -ling1, -ix, -ster, -ary1, -me, -ie/-y2, -i1, -ard, -ette3, -inat.-ory2, -een1, -enne, -erel2).

(37 , 16 .. -ness, -ity, -ship1, -ancy/-ency, -ance/-ence1, -alion2, -ment2, -ism3, -cy1, -hood1, -age3, -y2, -dom2, -ate, -tude, -ure2).

(13 , 10 .: -ation1, -ing1, -ment1, -ance/-ence2, -age1

-al, -ure1, -ade1,-y, -ice).

(12 , 12 .: -let1, -ette1, -ule, -ie/-y1, -et1, -ling2, -kin, -ock, -2, -erel1, -le, -en).

(8 , 8 .. -dom1, -3, -age2, -cy2, -hood2, -ship3,

-ing4, -ana).

, , (6 , 3 .. -ism1, -1, -ics).

, (5 , 4 .. -4, -ing3, -ship2, -3).

(5 , 2 .: -ism2, -2).

(6 , 5 .: -1, -2, -1, -age5, -arium).

(6 , 5 .: -ing2, -ette2, -ite2, -ade2, -een2).

(3 , 3 .: -ful, -age4, -some).

(4 , 3 .: -ism4, -i2, -ese).

(5 , 4 .: -let2, -ing5, -et2, -ton).

 

(8 , 5 .: -al, -ic, -ical, -, -ite).

/ (20 , 13 .: -1, -less1, -ous1, -ed2, -ful1, -ish2, -able2, -ate1, -ive2, -ly1, -some1, -ory2, -ant/-ent2).

/ (13 , 13 .: -able1, -ive1,

-1,-ant/-ent1, -3, -less2, -some2, -ful4, -lie1, -ate2, -ish4, -ous4, -ly4).

(13 , 13 .: -2, -ish1, -ly2, -oid, -ed1, -an2, -esque, -ine2, -en2, -ate3, -ar2, -ous4, -ful3).

(9 , 9 .: -n1, -, -ar1, -ine1, -ish3, -ese, -ous2, -ile2, -ern).

" " (3 , 3 .: -en1, -y4, -ine).

(3 , 3 .: -some3, -y5, -ful4).

 

(8 , 4 .: -ize1, -ate, -ify, -en).

 

, , , ., , , , , .

, - , , , .

4. . ,

 

. , , . . , , , , , , ..

, , , , . , , , , .. . ", .., - : , , . , , . , , .. " (7, 21).

, , , . : . -dom (Kingdom, princedom ..) , - ; . -(), - .

- , , , , . , . , .

, - : , , , , , , .. , , .

, , 70 . -ate, -ory, -ine, -id co ; , , -ward, -most, -fold,. .

, 96% , , (wolfish '', fatherly '', painful '', papery '', swanlike '' .).

-1 , (manly '', kingly '', daily '', weekly '' ..) , .., - (piny '', clayey '' .)

, , . , un- *ungood, *unsoft, *unlong unkind '', unready '', unpleasant '' .. , , , bad '', hard '', short '' ..

, , , . , , , , , - - , .

, , , . , , , . , , , , , . , , - , , , .

. , , , . , , , , . , .. , , , ( ), , . , , , , , .

, -, , , .

, , , , " , , .. , , . . , . . " ".

:

) ( ) ;

) , , , .

, , . , , , , .. , , . , .

, . , , , - , .

, , , .. , , , .

, , : , , , .. , , .

. . , -. , / , , , , "" , , , . , -ful, -en, -ly beautiful '', wonderful '', careful '', golden '', wooden '', friendly '' .

-, -less, -like . . , . .

, . -like, -ish - . .

, , .

5. .

 

, , , , , , , , .. , , , . , , - , . ; , , . , worker '', driver ', ', singer '' . , man '', girl '', boy '' , . girl '', woman '', , poetess '', actress '', stewardess '' , , -ess, girl, woman .

() .

. , , - , , , , , , . , , , . , , , , .

, , , , .

, , , , , . , , . . , , , , , .. . ., , . recast ', ' cast again, recount '' count again, retry ' ' try again, . , , , , , -. ..

, , , , , , . , , ().

-. : , , , , .. , (.. .), , 3 (.. , .. .), , (.. ) ..

. , - . a, , .. Ky " : , , , , , () " (8, 102). , , , - . .

, , : ) , ) ) -, . , pond-lily ' ', garden-party ' ' ", , (lily, party), , ( ) , (pond, garden), \ { , , (.. ) ."

, , , , , , , , , , , , . . - , - ("", "", "" .., "", "", "", "" .). , , , (, , , , (), ( ) ..). - , : ) ; ) , , 3 ) , .

, , " , , , . , , " , ' ( of or relating to), economic '', cultural '', lour-blind ' ', ", , , " ( for, meant for, suitable for) eatable '', kingly '', summery '' ., ", , "( made of) wooder '', golden '', woollen '' ..

, . , , .

, . , , , (. (, ..) "" (, , ..), , ) (1monade '', orangeade ' '), , (journalese ' ', telegraphese ' ') . , , , , , . , , , , , . , , , , , , . , .. , , ", ", ", ", ", ", ", " .. . ., . ., , , . , , , . , , , , , , . , , .

, , , , (, "", "", "", "", "", "", "" ..).

(., , , : teacher , reader , writer ..), .

, (), . ( , ). , , . , , .., , ( ). , , .

, .., " , " (1, 66). , , .. (, , , ), , (, c, , ..), (, , , , ) . , , , (.: . hypersensitive '', underripe '', biggish '', longish '' .., . , , , , , ..). , . , , . . " , ' " , ", " (. trembly '', mournful ', ', neglectful '', prohibitive '-* ', . , , , , , ..), . " ", (,, . allowable '', deci-'pherable ' ,'recognizable ' ', curable '' .; . , , , ). , . , , , , , .

, , . , , , . , : - Parisienne '', cosmonette '-' .

, , , , - . "- , -, . , , , .

, , , ., , .. , , , , - . , . , .. . , , , , , , , . , , , , , , , . . was tallish and slender ' '. , , , , .. . . superhuman '', underdeveloped '' , . , , , . , , , , , , , . , , , , , (. ) , , , (. ).

. , , , , , ( ) . , , , . , , , , . , , , , , , , , . , , , - , , . , , , , , , , , , . - , , , , . " ( . - ..), - , " (2, 3). , , , . "", "", "", "", "", "" , , .

, , , . , , , , , .

, , , , , .

 

 

 

.

.

.

.

. .

, , , .

. , .

.

, , .

, father, run, green .

, .

.

.

.

, .

 

 

 

1. .. // . ., 1952.

2 .. . - ., 1979

3. .. // . . . . -. . 76. . , 1967.

4. .. // : , - ., 1978.

5.3 .. : . - ̄ 1973.

6. .. : . ... . ., 1961.

7. .. . - ., 1965.

8. .. : . .,1981.

9. F.C., . // . ., 1979.

10. .. .--. .... . . . ., 1976.

11. .. .-. .... . . /. - ., 1976.

12. .. // . - ., 1982.

13. .. // . ., 1972.

14. .. . , 1971.

15. . // . . 8. . ., 1981.

16. .. ( ) // . .,1979.

17. .. // . ., 1974.

18. - .. // . ., 1963.

19. Brekle H.E. Reflections on the Conditions for the Coining, Use and Understanding of Nominal Compounds // Proceedings of the 12th International Congress of Linguists. Innsbruck, 1978.

20. Dokulil M. Tvoreni slov v cestine. Praha, 1962.

21. Lees R. The Grammar of English Nominahzations. - Bloomington, I960.

22. Malkiel J. Genetic Analysis of Word-Formation // Current Trends in Linguistics. Vol. 3. The Hague, 1966.

23. Marchand H. Studies in Syntax and Word-Formation. Munchen, 1974.

24. Warren . Classifying Adjectives. Goteborg, 1984.

25. Weisgerber L. Vierstufige Wortbildungslehre // Muttersprache. 1964.-NO. 74.


VII.

1.

 

, , , , . : , , - . , , , . , .. , " , , , " (7,144).

, , , . : . , . , , (., , (Fugenelementen) ..).

. , . , , , . , 42 162 . ., , 130 , . 82, .. 64, .. 91. , . .., . .. 42 , .. 48.

, -, -k, -le ( lark '', stalk ', ', yolk ''; angle '', knuckle ' ', nettle '') . -, -ness . ( branchy '', kindness '' ..), . , -, -ness -k, le, , .

-, under- ( underfeed '', underestimate '' .), -man ( workman '', seaman '' ..). , , . , (. ), .

, , . , , ( ) , . , . , , , .

. , , , . , , , .., , , .

. , - , -It (exult '', exalt '', consult '', halt '' .) -ch (French '', Scotch '' ..) , , , . - , .. , , , .., . cran-, rasp-, bil- . - : cranberry '', raspberry ''. - , , . , , de- detect '', deceive '', - receive '', reject '', remit '', , , de- - deform ', ', rewrite '', .

, - , , .. .. , , . : , -, - -, , . , , -1, -ous, -ant/-ent, -ar, -ate, -oid ., , - - . pious ', ', previous '', ominous '' envious '', dangerous '', infectious '' .

dis-, mis- ., discern '', discomfit ' ()', mistake '', misgive ' ' - -, disbelieve ' ', disestablish '', disenable ' ', misdeal ' ', misapply ' ' - .

, , , . .. , , , , -ed, -fast, -fold, -ful, -less, -like -able, over- ..

, , , , .

( cardiac '', filial '', rural ''). - - , , - , , ' , . - , , . (.: Gk kardia '' - kardiakos, L.filius ', ' - filialis, rus, ruris ', , ' - ruralis.) - - , . , , , . nose '' - nasal '', ear '' - aural '', eye '' - ocular '', hand '' - manual '' city '' - urban '', sheep '' - ovine '' , .

, .. (, dynasty '' dynastic '', economy '' economic ' ', cyclone '' - cyclonic '' effect ', ' effective ', ' matrinomy ', ' matrimonial ' ' ). , . . - . , , , , , , .

, , . , , .. , .

- , .





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