.


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6

: .

: : . . . . .

. , . : while, for do.

while

while. while () :

while (expression)program statement;

expression, . expression (TRUE 0), program statement, . expression. TRUE, program statement. , expression ( while) FALSE () 0, , , program statement. , () :

while (expression){program statement;program2 statement2;program3 statement3;...}

while. , , , expression.

, expression ( ).

/* */#include <stdio.h>main(){ int i = 1; char res; printf(" 1 100. . \n"); printf (" y, "); printf("\n n, \n"); printf(", %d?\n",i); /* */ while((res = getchar())!='y') if(res!='\n') /* */ printf(" %d\n",++i); printf(" !\n");}
! . , . , - , . !

, , . " " , . ( ), , while, , . , , , ( ). . if. , if () , while , , .

! while - , , . .

while , , .. . , , . , .

! . , , . , - , , , . . , . , , . , !

:

while , , , . while - . , , . , . , , , . :

while ()

, , .

 

for

for :

for (init_expression; loop_condition; loop_expression)program statement;

, for, .

init_expression ( )

loop_condition , . , ( ) . , .

loop_expression , , .. program statement ( loop_expression , init_expression).

init_expression loop_expression , loop_condition .

, . init_expression loop_expression, . loop_condition, , , ( )?, .. loop_condition, TRUE.

, , .. :

for (init_expression; loop_condition; loop_expression){program1 statement1;program2 statement2;program3 statement3;...}

.

, for, while :

init_expression;while (loop_condition){program statement;loop_expression;}

continue.

for(;loop_condition;) program statement;

init_expression, loop_expression

while(loop_condition) program statement;

for(;;)program statement;

while(TRUE) program statement;

.. . break, goto, return, program statement.

. 6.1.

6.1.
/
1) ==
2) !=
3) <
4) <=
5) >
6) >=

, ( for). . () ().

for do /1, for . for , for do . , for .

for while , , (Ritchie, D.M. 1980. The Programming Language - Reference Manual/. AT&T Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, N.J. 07974), . , , program statement continue , continue. continue , for while. for loop_expression loop_condition, while loop_expression .

for - . for, .

  1. :
1 10 10!float pr=1;for(n=1; n<11; n++)pr*=n;printf("10!=%f0.0",pr);
  1. :
for(n=10; n>0; n--)printf("%d !\n",n);printf("! \n");
  1. , ..:
for (n=2; n<60;n+=13);printf("%d\n",n);
  1. , :
for(ch = 'a';ch<='z';ch++)printf(" ASCII % %d.\n",ch,ch);

z ASCII. , , .

  1. , , . :
/* */main(){ int num; for(num=1; num<=6; num++) printf("%5d %5d\n", num,num*num*num);}

for(num=1; num<=6; num++)

for(num=1; num<6; num++)

, , .

  1. , , , .. :
for(x=100.0; x<150.0; x*=1.1)printf(" %3.2f.\n",x);

x 1.1 , 10%. :

100.00. 110.00. 121.00. 133.10. 146.41.
  1. . , :
for (x=y=1; y<=75; y=5*x++)printf("%10d %10d\n",x,y);

, y, x. , for, .

! , . , .
  1. , " ".
for(;;) {...}

, .

  1. . , , printf(). , , .
for(printf(" ! \n"); num!= 6;)scanf("%d",&num);printf(" , !\n");

, , 6.

  1. , , , . , , :
for(n=1; n<1000; n+t)

, t , if . .

. for , . " ". - . , , . , . for - . , , . , . , , , .

"" for, .

dowhile

while for . , FALSE (). (.. ) dowhile.

dowhile :

doprogram statement;while (loop_condition);

dowhile : program statement, loop_condition while. TRUE (), , program statement . , loop_condition TRUE. FALSE (), ( ), .

! , dowhile .

 

:

do {program1 statement1;program2 statement2;program3 statement3;... } while (loop_condition);

while , for , dowhile c .

! do while - .

:

do scanf("%d", &number);while(number!=50);

. do while , , , . do while - . , . . , , , .

. ? -, , . . , 5% . , . , , , , . , , . , , , .

. , .

:

/* - , 1 . 2, 3, 5, 7 11. *//* */ main(){ int number, divisor, limit; int count=0; printf(", , . \n"); printf("B 2 .\n"); scanf("%d",&limit); while (limit<2) { /* , */ printf("B ! \n"); scanf("%d",&limit); } printf("Ceac !\n"); for (number=2;number<=limit; number++) /* */ { for(divisor=2; number%divisor!=0; divisor++); if(divisor==number) { printf("%5d",number); if(++count%10==0) printf("\n");/* 10 */ } } printf("Pa6o !\n");}

, 2 limit, . . count . .

, , , if, if-else switch, . . , , , , . , goto.

break

break while, do, for, switch, . , , . break

break;

:

while((ch=getchar())!= EOF) /* ch=getchar(). EOF, while */{ if(ch=='\n') break; putchar(ch);}

, " ".

continue

continue , .

, , . continue :

continue;

:

while((ch=getchar())!= EOF) /* ch=getchar(). EOF, while */{ if(ch=='\n') continue; putchar(ch);}

continue " ", , EOF.

goto

goto . :

goto ;

goto " " . :

goto part1;

, , part1. , :

part1: printf(" \n");
! goto! " GOTO", . , : goto, break, continue, return.

goto, break, continue, return , goto , .

break , switch.

continue .

! return. , . return , , return .

while, for dowhile.

1. while. .

:

#include <stdio.h>#include <conio.h> int main(void) {int i, j = 0, n;printf("\n\t Enter the primary natural number: ");scanf_s("%d", &i);printf("\t Enter the last natural number: ");scanf_s("%d", &n); printf("\n\t The numbers are:");while (i <= n) {printf("\n\t %3d", i);++i;++j; }printf("\n\t Total numbers: %d\n", j); printf("\n Press any key: "); _getch(); return 0; }

. 6.1.

. 6.1.

scanf_s(), MS Visual Studio. , , ++i ++j , . "++" . , ++i , i++ , . .

, i n (, n i), ( j), . , , i n. , () i, j.

2. "Hello, world" ( ).

:

#include <stdio.h>#include <conio.h> int main(void){ int c, i = 0; printf("\n Enter symbol-by-symbol the offer \"Hello, world\",\n press twice Ctrl+Z and press Enter:\n");printf("\t"); while ((c = getchar())!= EOF){printf("\t");c = getchar();++i;} printf("\n\t The number of characters: %d\n", i); printf("\n Press any key: "); _getch(); return 0;}

Ctrl+Z, (), .. EOF. while , EOF. \"Hello, world\" .

printf("\t") . () i, .

#include <conio.h> - _getch(). , .

. 6.2.

. 6.2.

. getchar() :

#include <stdio.h>int getchar(void);

3. for.

, 26 . . , char , .

:

#include <stdio.h>#include <conio.h>int main(void){ int j = 1; char a = 'a'; printf("\n Table code characters:\n");for (; a <= 'z'; ++a) printf("\n %4d) %2c: code%4d", j++, a, a); printf("\n\n Press any key: "); _getch(); return 0;}

. 6.3.

. 6.3.

, %4d %2c printf().

4. 4- = 2.3 0 5 ( ) 0.2:

:

#include <stdio.h>#include <conio.h>#include <math.h> int main(void){ int j, f, k = 4; double F, Lt, s, t = 0.0, Tend = 5.0; float L = 2.3F; printf("\n Erlang function of order %d, Lambda = %1.2f:\n\n", k, L); for (; t <= Tend; t += 0.2) { s = 0.0; f = 1; Lt = 1.0; for (j = 1; j <= k; ++j) { f *= j; Lt *= (L*t); s += (Lt/f)*exp(-L*t); } F = 1 - exp(-L*t) - s; printf("\t %lg\n", F); } printf("\n\n Press any key: "); _getch(); return 0;}

for. ( ):

t += 0.2; /* t = t + 0.2; */f *= j; /* f = f * j; */t *= (L*t); /* Lt = Lt * (L*t); */

, 0!

t. #include <math.h>.

. 6.4

. 6.4. 4-

5. " " :

:

#include <stdio.h>#include <conio.h> int main(void) { double denom; double sum1 = 0.0, sum2 = 0.0; int k = 1; denom = k * (k + 1) * (k + 2); // do { sum1 = sum2; sum2 += 1.0 / denom; denom = denom / k * (k + 3); ++k; } while (sum1 < sum2); printf("\n\t The amount of numerical series: %lg\n", sum2); printf("\n Press any key: "); _getch(); return 0;}

sum2. sum1. , sum1 < sum2 ( denom). ( ), sum1 < sum2 . , " ".

. "l".

. 6.5.

. 6.5.

6. , .

, , , 123 321.

:

#include <stdio.h>#include <conio.h> int main(void) { long int x, r=0; printf("\n Enter an integer: "); scanf_s("%ld", &x); printf("\n Reverse-digit number %ld:\n\n\t", x); do { r =r*10+ x % 10; x /= 10; } while (x!= 0); printf(" %ld", r); printf("\n\n Press any key: "); _getch(); return 0;}

, , , long int ( long). int long int .

. 6.6.

. 6.6.

7. for "" , , . for .

:

#include <stdio.h>#include <conio.h> int main (void) { int p = 0; char ch = 'A'; char i, j, k, ch2, kk, chA; chA = ch; printf("\n Enter a capital letter between \"A\" and \"S\": ");scanf_s("%c", &ch2, sizeof(char)); for(chA -= 1; chA >= ch2; chA--) { printf("\n Error! Press any key: "); _getch(); return -1; } for (kk = 'S'+1; kk <= ch2; kk++) {printf("\n Error! Press any key: "); _getch(); return -1;} k = ch2;for (kk = ch; kk <= k; kk++) { printf("\n "); for (ch2 = ch; ch2 <= k-p; ch2++) printf(" "); for (j = ch; j <= kk; j++) printf(" %c", j); for (i = kk; i > ch; i--) printf(" %c", i-1); p++; } printf("\n\n Press any key: "); _getch(); return 0;}

. 6.7.

. 6.7.

  1. ?
  2. ?
  3. ?
  4. ?
  5. ?
  6. ?
  7. ?
  8. ? .
  9. while for?

.

, : while for . .

1.

1.

for , :

2.

, if .

3.

4.

5.

2.

1.

for , :

2.

3.

4.

5.

3.

1.

for , :

2.

3.

4.

5.

4.

1.

for , :

2.

3.

4.

5.

5.

1.

for , :

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

1.

for , :

2.

3.

4.

5.

7.

1.

for , :

2.

3.

4.

5.

8.

1.

for , :

2.

3.

4.

5.

9.

1.

for , :

2.

3.

4.

: 1. (1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, ). , m (m>1).

5.

10.

1.

for , :

2.

3.

4.

, n 5.

5.

11.

1.

for , :

2.

3.

4.

k .

5.

12.

1.

for , :

2.

. .

3.

4.

5.

13.

1.

for , :

2.

3.

4.

5.

14.

1.

for , :

2.

3.

4.

5.

15.

1.

for , :

2.

, if .

3.

4.

5.

16.

1.

for , :

2.

3.

4.

5.

17.

1.

for , :

2.

3.

4.

5.

18.

1.

for , :

2.

3.

4.

: 1. (1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, ). S , n (n>1).

5.

19.

1.

for , :

2.

3.

4.

5.

. n . n .

20.

1.

for , :

2.

3.

4.

5.

. . .

21.

1.

for , :

2.

3.

4.

5.

22.

1.

for , :

2.

, if .

3.

4.

5.

23.

1.

for , :

2.

3.

4.

5.

24.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

25.

1.

for , :

2.

, if .

3.

4.

5.



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