12.1. , 3000 , , 12.2.
w 0 u , 330 /, , 12.2.
H v
, (12.1)
H d .
H d
, (12.2)
, (12.2)
a , w 0 u ;
D , .
, Ma >3, (12.2) H d .
12.2. , 12.1, , , :
, (12.3)
. (12.4)
12.3. , r r 10% , f m
. (12.5)
12.4. , f b (12.4) :
, (12.6)
Q - , ;
- , ;
- 1013 0 , 1,29 /3;
. - .
, .
, ., , Q. , ., 1,005 /().
- .
12.5. , , , f b , (12.6), f m (12.7):
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f m=0,0001 4/2. (12.7)
- , (12.7) D=0,1 w0=0,1 /.
12.6. , a, 0£a£90, f m (12.3), w 0 w' 0= w 0×cos(a), f b (12.4). . 5 /, L s, (12.8)
L s = 5× d 2× H× sin(a), (12.8)
d 2 (5.31) (5.31), w 0 .
12.8. , u , (. 5.11), r p (5.19), (5.19) (5.21) - (5.21) :
<0,15, (12.9)
0,15 <0,2, (12.9)
0,2 1, (12.9)
> 1, (12.9)
p=3 <0,25, (12.10)
0,25 1, (12.10)
> 1. (12.10)
- u, , , , .
12.9. , L v, (8.14). Q (. 12.4), D T,
, (12.11)
, (12.12)
b (, );
L ;
w 0 = 0.1 /.
u 0 10 /, , , d ,
, (12.13)
Ds .
, >1 ( , u), , Sa,
1££3, (12.14)
> 3. (12.14)
12.10. , , . , 5 , (. 5.8), , . , , , , . S, 2, S .
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12.11. , , () , , , .
12.12. , - , , ccc :
, (12.15)
c. C , .
12. 13. -
12.13.1. - (), 2.2.1/2.1.1.1200. 2.2.1/2.1.1.1200 ( 2.1) - , , , , , I II - , , .
2.2.1/2.1.1.1200 ( 2.1 2.2).
7 2.2.1/2.1.1.1200.
12.13.2. , (. 11) [. 2.3 2.2.1/2.1.1.1200 (4.3) -(4.4) ].
, , , , .
, , , . , , , .
12.13.3. , (. 12.3.2), , [., , (4.2)]. , .
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I II - , .