Pascal , (, :=). . .
. , . , , .
:
_ (__);
_ ( ).
, , .
.
VAR Si: 0..255;
Si:='A' , Char(Si):='A' . : Si:=Ord('A'), Byte.
, , . . ୢ:
Boolean(1) | TRUE |
Longint(1) | 1, 4 |
Char(130-1) | ѳ ASCII 129 |
Integer('Y') | 'Y' Integer, (ord('Y') Byte) |
, .
, . . , , (, , ), , , , . ୢ . , ࢭ . , .
, ࢭ , ࢭ . :
VAR li: Longint; i: Integer;
BEGIN
li:= 1234567; {>32767}
I:= Integer(li+1);
Writeln(i);
END.
l : (1 234 567)10 = (12D 687)16 Þ Þ Longint. l , 1, . . 10 616. Ⳮ .
1. (, Longint(1)) , , ( ). .
|
|
. Byte(534) 22;
534 Word 2 ×162 + 22 = 2 ×162 + 16 + 6. ,
53410 = 21616.
(16)16 = 16 + 6 = 22 , ᳢.
2. , , .
? , , .
VAR A, B: Word;
BEGIN
A:= 55000;
B:= A-256;
Write ( + B);
+ > 65535, + Word, , Word(A+B) . :
Write(Longint(A)+B)
:
VAR : STRING [max_];
VAR : STRING;
: 0£ max_ £255. ࢭ , 255. , , STRING .
.
1. :
' / | Բ | |'
| #179 .
2. :
' / '#179' Բ '#179' '#179
3. #7#32#179#32#32#179 ^G' | |'
STRING , .
, , . ﳭ , , .
.
.
VAR A: STRING [6];
{... A:}
A:=' 1'; {Þ :=' ' 6;
}
VAR A: STRING [10];
...
A:=' 1'; {Þ :=' 1' ( 8)}
VAR A: STRING [2];
...
A:=' 1'; {Þ :='' ( 2)}
, A[5].
, , S[0] , S. , S Ord(S[0]). length(S), .
. S N N + 1 , ࢭ , N .
.
VAR Myline: STRING [80];
BEGIN
Myline:='';
Writeln(Ord(Myline[0])); {Þ 0}
Myline:='abcd';
Writeln(Ord(Myline[0])); {Þ 4}
Myline[0]:=#2; { (Chr(2))}
Writeln(Myline); {Þ }
END.
. , - .
|
|
, , .
1. : +.
Concat(str1, str2, , strn), str1,..., strn.
, 4 :
'..'+''+' - '+'' Þ '.. - ',
Concat('..','',' - ','') Þ '.. - '.
2. : >, =, <>, <, <=, >=.
, . , : 1) ࢭ; 2) ( ). , ( ), , , .
.
'abcd' = 'abcd' Þ true
'abcd' <> 'abcde' Þ true
'abcd' > 'abcD' Þ true ('d'>'D')
'abcd' > 'abc' Þ true.
1. Copy(S, Start, N) S ࢭ N , Start ( Start, N Integer).
Start S, . N , Start S, S Start .
Copy:
.
SCopy:= Copy('ABC***123', 4, 3); {SCopy='***'}
SCopy:= Copy('ABC', 4, 3); {SCopy=''}
SCopy:= Copy('ABC***123', 4, 11); {SCopy='***123'}
2. Pos(Subs, S) S, S Subs ( Pos Byte). S Subs, 0.
Pos:
: S:='abcdef'.
Pos('de', S) Þ 4.
Pos('r', S) Þ 0.
3. Delete(S, Start, N) N S, Start.
S:= '';
Delete(S, 2, 3); Þ {S=''}
Start = 0 S, ; N = 0, ; N , Start S.
Delete:
Delete(S, 16, 255) , 16 .
4. Insert(Subs, S, Start) Subs S, Start.
Insert:
S:='-';
Insert(' -', S, 9);
: S = '--'.
S ᭒, S ( ).
5. FillChar(V, Len, C), V , Len ( Word) V, C (C Byte Char).
FillChar:
VAR S: STRING;
...
FillChar(S[1], 80, ' ');
S[0]:=chr(80);
. , .
1. Str(V, S) V S. V :
V:m V:m:n,
n < m, m, n ; m ; n .
m. m, .
Str:
Str(6.66:8:2, S); Þ {S=' 6.66'}
Str(6.66:8:0, S); Þ {S=' 7'}
. m > 0, , m < 0, , : Str(6.66:-8:2, S); Þ {S='6.66'}.
VAR F, n: Integer;
|
|
S: STRING;
...
F:=-5; n:=1;
Str(-123.426:F:n,S); {S='-123.5'}
Str(6.66:8:2, S); {S=' 6.66'}
2. Val(S,V,ErrorCode) S 볭 V. ErrorCode Integer. , ErrorCode 0, S, .
Val:
VAR V:Longint;
S:='14.2E+2'; Val(S,V,C); {V=1420; C=0}
S:='14.2A+2'; Val(S,V,C); {V=?; C=5}