1. : , , , , . , . .
́ , . . ́ , "". ́ , , , . , . ; ( ). . ́ ( ́) , . not (P and Q) = (not P) or (not Q), not (P or Q) = (not P) and (not Q). : , (A&B), , ~(A&B), , (~A+~B). : ~(A+B) = (~A&~B).
2. TCP/IP. () . (IP-). ( ). IP-. IP-. IP-. IP-.
TCP/IP
, :
() ;
(IP-);
() .
TCP/IP , .
- - . - . - , . - 6 , 11-AO-17-3D-BC-01. , . . , , -.
IP-
TCP/IP , , . . , . , , .
|
|
, .
TCP/IP IP-.
IP- , .
, , IP- . IP- . , IP- . IP, . 15.3, (ARP).
TCP/IP IP-. , http://203.23.106.33 -. . base2.sales.zil.ru.
IP- , . TCP/IP (Domain Name System, DNS), . DNS-.
IP-.
IPv4 --- 4- IP- 32- . IP- (IPv4) 0 255, , , 192.168.0.1.
IPv6 --- 6- IP- (IPv6) 128- . (. fe80:0:0:0:200:f8ff:fe21:67cf). (fe80::200:f8ff: fe21:67cf).
IP-
3.
4. A 01.0.0 126.0.0.0
5. B 128.0.0.0 191.255.0.0
6. C 192.0.1.0. 223.255.255.0
7. D 224.0.0.0 239.255.255.255
8. E 240.0.0.0 247.255.255.255
IP- 5 . A, B C , . D , E .
IP-
IP , . :
1. , 127. , .
2. 255.255.255.255. , , . .
|
|
3. 0.0.0.0. , .
:
0 ; IP- ;
1 ; IP- , .