.


:




:

































 

 

 

 





. , , ( , ). .

 

:

 

 

1 - ;

2 - ;

3 - ;

4 - ;

5 - .

 

, , , .

U., I., K., K. . U. . K. ., . , , U, .


( 2) :

U min = U + U min = 15 + 4 = 19 B,

U min VT3.

, VT3 , U min 3..5 .

10%, :

U = U min / 0.9 = 19 / 0.9 = 21 ,

U max = 1.1 U = 1.1 19 = 20 .

U 3 max = U max - U = 21 20 = 1 .

, VT3,

3 = U3 max I = 10 1 = 10 .

U3 max, I , 3 :

819
NPN
. 2 (100)
, U. 15
, h21  

:

h113 = 33.0 ,

m3 = 1 / h12 = 1 / 0.23 = 4.20,

h113 , ; m3 ; h123 .

VT3

I3 = I / h213 min = 1 / 20 = 1.3 10-3 .

VT2. - VT2

U2 max = U3 max - U3 = 10 0.7 = 9.3 ,

U3 VT3(0.7)

VT2 VT3 , R3,

I2 = I3 + IR3 = 5 10-4 + 1.3 10-3 = 1.8 10-3 .

, VT2,

2 = I2 ´ U2 max = 1.8 10-3 9.3 = 7.4 10-3 .

U2 max, I2 , 2 :

814
NP
. 1 (10)
, U. 40
, h21  

:

h112 = 36.36 ,

m3 = 1 / h122 = 1 / 0.022 = 45.45.

VT2

I2 = I2 / h212 min = 1.8 10-3 / 40 = 3 10-5 .

R3

R3 = (U + U3) / IR3 = (30 + 0.7) / 1.3 10-3 =23615 .

R3 = (U + U3) IR3 = (30 + 0.7) 1.3 10-3 = 3.99 10-2 .

- 0.125 24 5%.

VD2

UVD2 = 0.7 U = 0.7 30 = 21 .

:

213;

I VD2 = 5 10-3 ;

r VD2 = 25 .

R4, (I R4 = I VD2)

R4 = 0.3 U / I R4 = 0.3 30 / 5 10-3 = 2000 .

, R4,

R4 =0.3U I R4 = 0.3 30 5 10-3 = 50 10-3 .

- 0.125 2 5%.

VT4. -

U4max = U + U3 + U2 - UVD2 = 17.90

VT4 VD2

I 4 = 4 10-3 .

, VT4

2 = I4 U4 max = 4 10-3 2.90 = 11.6 10-3

U4 max, I4 , 4 :

315
NPN
. 0,15
, U. 35
, h21 50-350

:

h114 = 208,3 ,

m3 = 1 / h124 = 1 / 0.034 = 29.41

VT4

I4 = I4 / h214 min = 4 10-3 / 50 = 8 10-5 .

R5, R6, R7 5I4

R = U / I = 30/ (5 8 10-5) = 75000 .

:

R5 = 0.3 R = 0.3 75000 = 22500 ;

R6 = 0.1 R = 0.1 75000 = 7500 ;

R7 = 0.6 R = 0.6 75000 = 45000 .

R5 - 0.125 22 5%, R7 - 0.125 7.5 5%. R6 3-44 0.25 47.

VD1

UVD1 = 0.1 U max = 0.1 22 = 2.2 .

:

119;

I VD1 = 5 10-3 ;

r VD1 = 15 .

R1, (I R1 = I VD1)

R1 = 0.9 U max / I R1 = 0.9 22 / 5 10-3 = 3960 .

, R1,

R1 = 0.9U max I R1 = 0.9 22 5 10-3 = 99 10-3.

- 0.125 3.9 5%.

VT1. VT1

I1 = I4 + I2 = 4 10-3 + 12 10-5 =412 10-5.

- VT1

U1max = U max - UR2 + U4max - UVD2 = 4.1 ,

UR2 = UVD1 - U1 R2.

, a VT1

1 = U1max I1 = 4.1 412 10-5 = 16 10-3 .

U1 max, I1 , 1 :

361
PNP
. 0,15
, U. 35
, P 0.30
, h21 50-350

R2

R2 = UR2 / I1 = 1.5 / 412 10-5 = 364 ,

R2 = UR2 I1 = 1.5 412 10-5 = 618 10-5 .

- 0.125 360 5%.

:

h11 =h112+h113h212min= 36.36 + 33 60 =2016 ;

m = m2m3 / (m2 + m3) = 45.4 4.2 / (45.4 + 4.2)=3.84;

r = m h11 / h212min h213min = 0.1723 .

RTD = R1 R2 / r VD1 = 3900 360 / 15 = 57024

:

R = h11 RTD / (h11 + RTD) = 1947.49 ;

u = 0.7 h214min R / (h114 + h214min r VD2) = 338.1

,

= muU / U = 3.845 338.1 15 / 22 = 886.4,

DU = DU / mu = 4 / 3.845 338.1 = 12 10-4,

= DU 100 / U = 12´10-4 100 / 15 = 0.46%.

R = r / mu = 0.17 / 3.845 71.13 = 63 10-5 .

:

= 886.4 > . = 800; = 46 < . = 50 %.

.

, , , . .

110% I .

I max = 1.1 I = 1.1 1 = 1.1 .

R8.

R8 = U5 / I max = 0.7 / 1.1 = 0.636 .

R8 = U5 I max = 0.7 1.1 = 0.77 .

VT5 I5 = I3;

U5 max =U3 + R8 I max = 0.7 + 0.636 1.1 =1.469 B;

P5 = U5 max I3 = 1.469 6.7 10-3 = 9.84 10-3 .

U5 max, I5 , 5 :

814
PNP
. 1 (10)
, U. 40
, h21  

 

 

-, .
R1, R6 3,3 0,5    
R2, R8 4,7 0,25    
R3, R4, R9 1,6 0,125    
R10 390 0,5.    
R11, R13 620 0,5    
R12, R14 790 0,5    
1, C4 73-16 0,00043 63    
2, C3 73-16 0,00082 63    
VD1-VD4 410    
VD5 212    
VT1 819    
VT2 814 pnp    
VT3 315    
VT4 315    
VT5 361    
VT6 814    

1. / ....-.:1990

2. .., .. ..:1972

3. .. . -: ,1982

4. - / . ... - .: ,1990

5. , , . ./.. , .. , .. - : "",1994

6. / . .. . - .: ,1980

7. : / . ..

8. .. .- .:..,1989

 

 





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