| amount | [ə'maunt] | |
| catalyst | ['kæt(ə)lɪst] | |
| cell | [sel] | |
| compound | ['kɔmpaund] | , , |
| consume | [kən'sju:m] | |
| deficiency | [dɪ'fɪʃ(ə)nsɪ] | , , |
| development | [dɪ'veləpmənt] | |
| diverse | [daɪ'vɜːs] | |
| enzyme | ['enzaɪm] | |
| essential | [ɪ'senʃ(ə)l] | , , , |
| growth | [grəuθ] | |
| intestinal tract | [ɪn'testɪn(ə)l][trækt] | - |
| multicellular | [mʌltɪsɛljʊlə] | |
| nutrient | ['nju:trɪənt] | |
| obtain | [əb'teɪn] | |
| precursor | [prɪ'kɜːsə] | - |
| prevent | [prɪ'vent] | |
| quantity | ['kwɔntətɪ] | |
| require | [rɪ'kwaɪə] | (.-) |
| scientist | ['saɪəntɪst] | |
| side-effect | [saɪd][ɪ'fekt] | |
| tissue | ['tɪʃu:] |
Task 2.Find in the text the following words and word combinations, reproduce the context they are used in and translate it into Russian.
1. organic compound
2. tiny amounts
3. sufficient quantities
4. biological and chemical activity
5. biochemical functions
6. hormone-like functions
7. detachable molecules
8. best-known function
9. derive
10. shorten
11. water-soluble
12. fat-soluble
13. normal growth
14. periodically
15. differing schedules
Task 3.Answer the questions.
1. What is vitamin?
2. Can vitamins be synthesized in sufficient quantities by an organism?
3. Where are vitamins obtained from?
4. How many vitamins are universally recognized at present?
5. How are vitamins classified?
6. What biochemical functions of vitamins do you know?
7. What does the term vitamin mean?
8. Who is the author of this term?
9. How many fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins are there in humans?
10. What are vitamins essential for?
11. How must humans consume vitamins to avoid deficiency?
12. What happens when vitamins are overdosed?
Task 4. Match the English sentences to their Russian equivalents.
| 1. An organic chemical compound is called a vitamin when it cannot be synthesized in sufficient quantities by an organism, and must be obtained from the diet. | ) , , |
| 2. Some vitamins have hormone-like functions as regulators of mineral metabolism (e.g., vitamin D). | ) , , . |
| 3.Others function as antioxidants (e.g., vitamin E and sometimes vitamin C). | ) . |
| 4. The largest number of vitamins (e.g., B complex vitamins) function as precursors for enzyme cofactors. | d) ( ). |
| 5. Vitamins may also be less tightly bound to enzyme catalysts. | ) - . |
| 6. Folic acid carries various forms of carbon group methyl, formyl, and methylenein the cell. | f) (, ) - . |
| 7. The term vitamin was derived from vital and amine, meaning amine of life. | g) , ( D). |
| 8. This proved incorrect for the micronutrient class, and the word was shortened to vitamin. | h) (vitamine) vital amine, . |
| 9. Fat-soluble vitamins are absorbed through the intestinal tract with the help of lipids (fats). | i) , . |
| 10. The other vitamin functions are equally important. | j) , . |
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