, . . : root, /usr, /var /home (.). . , Linux-, (, CD-ROM), NFS.
.
- ( , ramdisk ) , . . , . .
- /usr , , man-, , . /usr , . , , ( /usr) ( , /usr, , ). , , .
- /var , . , , , .., , man- .
- /home , , . . , (, /home/students /home/teacher).
, , . , . -, , , , , , ; , , /var /usr , /usr/lib/libc.a /var/log/messages , , /var /usr/var, /var /usr/var.
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Unix , , , , . , , , Emacs- , TeX , . , ( , , ), , , man- , .
. root , . , . root , , ( , ). Linux , ("") /.
.
/home- . Linux . "home" () .
/bin - , . , (ls, cp ..). /bin . , , .
/proc - . /proc , . , , "" /proc. , /proc/modules . /proc/cpuinfo .
/usr - . . , , X Window. , , .
/boot - , LInux LOader (LILO). .
/lib - , : C, , ncurses, .
dev - . Linux , , , , . , , device node. /dev. UNIX- .
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/etc - : , X Window, .
/var - -, - - . .
ext2fs, ext3fs. Ext2fs FFS . 10 3 12 3 . 4 , . Ext2fs FFS.
Ext2fs root . ext2 ext3fs. . . . .
19. s5fs.
, (partitions). UNIX , . . s5fs :
1. . ;
2. (ilist). . . inode ilist. inode (root) inode , . ilist . , s5fs , , ;
3. , . 512 .
. : 1) (s_type); 2) , , ilist (s_fsize); 3) (s_isize); 4) , (s_tfree); 5) inode, (s_tinode); 6) ( s_fmod, s_fronly); 7) (512, 1024, 2048); 8) inode; 9) .
. : 1) , ; 2) , .
inode , . inode :
Di_mode , ;
Di_nlinks , .. , ;
Di_uid, di_gid - -;
Di_size ;
Di_atime ;
Di_mtime ;
Di_ctime inode di_atime, di_mtime;
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Di_addr[13] .
. , , . 13 . 10 . , . , , . , . . ( 10 1024 ) , . 266 (10 + 256*1024), . 16 777 216 (256*256*256).
