I. .
II. .
III. .
IV. .
V. .
- 0 , ( ). : , .
- : !.
- 1 0 .
1 ∙ 5; 0 ∙ 3 , , :
1 ∙ 5 = 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 = 5 => 1 ∙ a = a
0 ∙ 3 = 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 => 0 ∙ = 0
- :
a ∙ b = => : = ;
: 1 ∙ a = a => a: 1 = a; a: a = 1, ≠ 0;
0 ∙ = 0 => 0: = 0, ≠ 0.
- 100 :
) ;
) , ;
) .
- :
) ;
) ;
) .
- :
) :
∆
∆;
) :
(3 + 1) ∙ 2 = 4 ∙ 2 = 8
3 ∙ 2 + 1 ∙ 2 = 6 + 2 = 8;
) :
, .
- .
- :
2 ∙ 3 = 6
3 ∙ 2 = 6
.
: 2 ∙ 9 9 ∙ 2 , .
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- :
) ;
) :
(4 ∙ 3) ∙ 2 = 24
4 ∙ (3 ∙ 2) = 24
(4 ∙ 2) ∙ 3 = 24
) , : . .
- :
1) , :
) 20 ∙ 3 = 2 . ∙ 3 = 6 . = 60;
) 2 ∙ 30 = 30 ∙ 2 = 3 . ∙ 2 = 6 . = 60.
, .
2) :
3
) 23 ∙ 4 = 20 ∙ 4 + 3 ∙ 4 = 80 + 12 = 92
, : ; ; ; ; ;
) 4 ∙ 23 = 23 ∙ 4 , .
- :
) ;
) .
- :
) :
?????
) : , .
- :
1) : ∆ ∆ ∆ => 3 ∙ 2 = 6 (1)
∆ ∆ ∆
2) 6 3 :
∆∆∆ ∆∆∆ : 6: 3 = 2 (2)
3) 6 2
∆∆∆ ∆∆∆ : 6: 2 = 3 (3)
4) 1= : 3; 2- 2; 6;
5) 2 3 ? : 1- , 2- . 2- , 1- .
6) : . . , 2 :
∙ => : = ;
: = .
, , , : : = => ∙ = .
- :
1) , :
) 80: 4 = 8 .: 4 = 2 . = 20 , ;
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) 80: 20 = .
20 ∙ 4 = 80
80: 20 = 4 , ;
2) :
) 36: 3 = (30 + 6): 3 = 30: 3 + 6: 3 = 10 + 2 = 12;
) 36: 2 = (20 + 6): 2 = 20: 2 + 16: 2 = 10 + 8 = 18 ;
3) :
56: 14 = .
14 ∙ 4 = 56
56: 14 = 4 , .