A1/ A2= B1/ B2 =C1/ C2 ( )
: A1/A2= B1/B2=C1/C2
a1 a2 A1*A2+ B1*B2+ C1*C2
40. . , , ..
. , - .
, Ax+By+Cz+D=0 Mo(Xo;Yo; Zo). p Mo
41. , . . .
, .
, .
:
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
:
1)
(), () .
2)
, .
{Xn} (), M (m) , Xn≤ (Xn≥m).
42.
- , , , , . n+1=n+d
d > 0, ; d < 0, .
, , :
.
n
n k:
n :
43.. .
- , , , , . n+1=n+q
n :
,
k- , n- , :
|
|
n :
,
,
, ,
.
44. . .
. {n}, > 0 ( ) N = N() , |n - | N.
: = .
2. , > 0 ( ) N = N() , | n n > N.
: =
:
{Xn} n , N, , n≥N │Xn-│<E.
:
1) {xn} {yn} , , , , .
:
: .
2) {Xn} {Yx} {Zn} Xn≤Zn≤Yn , Zn, .
45.. , .
. :
, .
:
1) .
2) , .
: .
3) , , .
, >0 N, n │Xn│>.
:
1) {αn} , { } . {αn} , { } .
2) βn=∞ , , , . , .
46. . . .
:
-b . f x=a, {Xk}, , {F(k)} b.
|
|
: 0, {xn} 0, .
: 0, δ(), , 0<│- 0│<δ │f(x)-│<.
:
, , , , .
:
1)
2) .
3) - , .
, - 0 , .
47 . . ..
f(x) ε > >0 > f(x)- b < ε
́ ́ , . 1 ( 2) , , () , 1 (2) () .
, , , : , \,0
:
:
48. , . .
y=f(x) x→a x →∞, , .. , .
+- .
α=α() ß=ß() ... →, . .
1. =¹ 0 (R), α ß .
2. , =0, α , ß.
3. =∞, α , ß.
4. , α ß .
49. . , .
yf(x (.)=0 :
1)
2) = .
1) y=f(x) y =q(x) (.)0. , , 0.
50. . . .
.
y=f(x) 0 . = = f(x0-o)=f(x0+0)=f(xo).
1) =0 f(x0-o) =f(x0+0) 0- 1 ,
|
|
2) 1 0 2
3) , 0 0 .
51. . , .
. f(x) [a, b], (a, b), a b.
1 ( ). f(x) [a, b], , .. C> 0, "x [a, b] |f(x)| ≤ C.
2 (). f(x) [a, b], M m, .. α, β [a, b] , m = f(α) ≤ f(x) ≤ f(β) = M x [a, b]
3 ( ). f(x) [a, b] , (a, b) ξ f(ξ) = 0.
4 (). f(x) [a, b], (a,b) f(a) f(b).
52. . , ...
, .
: .
1) = y=f(x) 1 = limf(x) + -a.
2) .y=f(x) =-
Limf(x)=b - .
3) y=f(x) 2 k=lim(f(x)/x) lim (f(x)-kx)=b
53. . . .
54.. () . .
. x 0, U (x 0)
fl f x 0. f '(x 0) .
s = s (t) . v (t 0) = s '(t 0) t 0. a (t 0) = s ''(t 0) t 0.
y = f (x) x 0 x 0, , y = f (x).
55. .
3 ( ).
x = f (t) t, y = f(x) x = f (t). y = f( f (t)) t,
|
|
(f (f(t))) ' = f' (x)f ' (t). . x = f(t) D t. D x = f (t+D t)-f (t) x = f(t). D x D y = f(x+ D x)-f(x). y = f(x) , D y (1): D y =f' (x)D x + a (D x) D x, limD x 0a (D x) = 0. D t ¹ 0, : D y/ D t=f' (x)D x/ D t+ a (D x)D x/ D t. x = f (t) t , limD t 0D x/ D t = f ' (t). , x = f(t) , D x 0 D t 0. , limD t 0a (D x) =0. , |
4 ( ).
y = f(x) ( ) x. , , x f'(x) ¹ 0. y = f(x) x = f- 1 (y), x = f- 1 (y)
(f- 1(y)) ' = 1 /f' (x).
56. , . , , . . .
57. , .
1. ( ) f(x)
[a, b];
(a, b);
[a, b] .
c (a, b) , f'(c) = 0.
2. ( ) f(x)
[a, b];
(a, b).
(a, b) ,
f(b) − f(a) = f '(c) (b − a). |
3. ( ) f(x) g(x)
[a, b];
(a, b);
"x (a, b) g'(x) ≠ 0.
c (a, b) ,
|
|
58. . ..
59. . .
-
:1) =0
2)
3). 2 . 2 +
4) u/v u=u(x) v=v(x)
D(u/v)=vdu-udy/v*v
60. , . . .