M M→M, M, , , .
, . , ? x - x.
A,B,C . A, B C P→C,
A = B = C, , A = C B = C . , .
, ( ). , ○ x y x○y
, . :
x○y;
xy○.
n- (n-) A n- An A.
n n- f (n- r) f ( r) n(f) (n(r)).
.
. 0 , (n- 0)
13. - . .
.
() ( ) n y = f(x1, x2, , xn) , : 0 1.
, , , . , f(x,y,z) .
x | y | z | f(x,y,z) |
, f (0,0,0) = 1, f (0,0,1) = 0, f (0,1,0) = 1 . .
().
D (), , .. D=K1 v K2 v Kr,
Kj (j =1,...,r) - . D , Kj n X
|
|
() .
() .