- , . , . - , .
. , ' , , .
, , , , - . () - .
. . , , ( ), ; , , .
:
1. . , , , . , :
=
' .
2. , . , .
3. ' . , ; - , - .
|
|
.
4.1.
_ ∑n X= --------- n | _ ∑xƒ X= --------- ∑ƒ | |
_ n X= -------- ∑ x | _ ∑z X= ------------ z ∑ x | |
_ n X=√x1 x 2 x 3 x n | m X=∑√ xm11 *xm22 * xm33 x mnn | |
x2 X = √-------- n | ∑ x2ƒ X=√--------- ∑ƒ |
- (); - ; ƒ- ; m - , ,
. ƒ
, ω =,
_
X = ∑ ω,
∑ω = 1;
∑ω=100%,
_ ∑ ω
X =
() , . , - .
-
ƒMo ƒMo-1
Mo = xMo + h,
(ƒMo ƒMo-1)+(ƒMo ƒMo+1)
xMo ,- ; ƒMo, ƒMo-1, ƒMo+1 , .
0,5 ∑ƒ - S M e-1
: M e = XM e + h,
ƒ M e
XM e - ;S M e-1 -
; ƒ M e - .
- (, , ) , , . . : , , (), , .
R Xmax Xmin : R= Xmax- Xmin.
d . :
∑ │- │
: d = - ;
n
∑ │- │ƒ
: d = - ;
∑ƒ
σ 2 . :
|
|
∑(-)2 ƒ
: σ 2 = - ;
n
∑(-)2 ƒ
: σ 2 = - ;
∑ƒ
, σ:σ=√σ2
, , .
:
R
: VR =. 100 %
x
d
: Vd =. 100%
x
σ
:Vσ =. 100 %
x
쳭 . - , ω1, ,
(ω0 =1- ω1), σ2 = ω1 . ω0 = ω1 . (1-ω1).
0,25, ω 1= ω0 = 0,5.
, , , ,
n
σ2 = ω1 . ω2.... ω . ωn = ∏ ωi,
i=1
ωi, - ; .
. , , , () ().
, , :
x - M0 x - Me μ3
A=; A =; A =,
σ σ σ3
μ3 - 3- ,
∑(- )3 ƒ
μ3 =.
∑ƒ
, , ,
μ4
E =,
σ4
μ4 - 4- ,
_
∑(-)4ƒ
μ4 =.
∑ƒ
, , .
1
.
4.2..
., .. | - | xf | |
f | x | ||
1833-1851 | |||
1851-1869 | |||
1869-1887 | |||
1887-1905 | |||
1905-1923 | |||
- | - |
1 =
ʳ
: = ∑ƒ = 101628 = 1882 . .
∑ƒ 54
2
, 1000 20 , -30 . 1000.?
/ 60 + 60/
, / 60 + 60 /= 5 ..
20 30
|
|
60+60 = 120 = 24
5 5
, , 1000 , W
.
∑w
X = w + w =
w1 + w2 ∑ w
x1 x2 x
. :
= 60 + 60 = 120 = 24 .
60 + 60 3+2
20 30
(W1=W2=60 ),
X = w + w = W (1+1) = n
w1 + w2 W (1 + 1) ∑ 1
x1 x2 x x x
.
= 60+60 = 60(1+1) = 2 = 2 = 24 .
60 + 60 60 (1 + 1) 1 + 1 2+3
20 30 20 30 20 30 60
, .
= √ ∑² X = √ ∑x²ƒ
n ∑
3
20 0 ; . 25 . . 1250 ² / 252 2/, 1300 ² /20²+2/. /1300 2/, . .
√ 1300 = √650 = 25,5 .
.
= √ 20²+30² = √ 1300 = √650 = 25,5 .
2 2
, .
, /ƒ/,
:
ƒ 2 - ƒ1
= + -------------------------,
(ƒ 2 - ƒ1 ) + (ƒ 2 - ƒ3)
- ( ),
;
;
ƒ 2 - ,
ƒ 1 - , ,
ƒ 3 , .
4
. 4.2. .
= 1869+18 21-9 = 1881 ..
(21-9)+(21-15)
, ,
.
∑ƒ - S - 1
= + ---------------------------
ƒ me
;
,
∑ƒ
2 -- ;
S 1 - , ;
ƒ me - .
5
. .
+1 2 (54+1):2=27,5. , 27 28- . , 5% /3+9+21=33/, 1869-1887.
54
2 - 12
= 1869 + 18 ---------------- = 1869+18 15 = 1882 ..
|
|
21 21
1. .
2. .
3. ?
4. ?
5. .
6. ?
7. , ?
8. .
9. ?
10. .
11. ?
12.
? σ d ?
13. , σ d?
14.3 ?
15. ?
16. ?
17. , .