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2
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5
1 6
1.1 6
1.2 7
1.2.1 8
1.2.2 8
1.2.3 9
1.2.4 , 12
2 Turbo Pascal 15
2.1 16
2.2 19
2.3 22
2.4 28
2.5 30
2.6 32
3 35
41
42
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1.1
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1.2
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1.2.1
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1.2.2
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1.2.3
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, , WIMP, SILK . - . WIMP - (Window-, Image-, Menu-, Pointer-). SILK - (Speech-, Image-, Language-, Knowledge-). , .
, . - SKP, MS DOS . . - UNIX, DOS 7.0, OS/2, WINDOWS; . - ( ) - INTERNET, NOVELL, ORACLE, NETWARE . , .
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2 -
2 Turbo Pascal
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Turbo Pascal (unit) . Pascal- , . Pascal- Turbo Pascal ( 3):
3 - Turbo Pascal
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, ; . , .
unit , . ';' ( ). interface, . implementation, . , , end '.' ().
, , . , begin .
, ( 4):
4
. , , . , , , ..
unit Calendar;
interface
type
Days = (Mon,Tue,Wed,Thu,Fri,Sat,Sun);
WorkingDays = Mon..Fri;
Months = (Jan,Feb,Mar,Apr,May,June,
July,Aug,Sept,Oct,Nov,Decem);
Summer = June..Aug;
Autumn = Sep..Nov;
Spring = Mar..May;
DayNo = 1..31;
YearNo = 1900..2000;
Date = record
Day: DayNo;
Month: Months;
Year: YearNo
end;
implementation
end.
, , . .
2.2
Pascal-. , . , , : , ( ) . , , . , , - . , () ( , forward), . , procedure function, ';'. (, , , ).
,
unit CmplVals;
interface
type
Complex = record {
}
Re, Im: real
end;
{ ,
}
procedure InitC (R,I:real; Var C:Complex);
procedure AddC (Cl,C2:Complex;var R:Complex);
procedure MultC (Cl,C2:Complex;var R:Complex);
procedure DivC (Cl,C2:Complex;var R:Complex);
procedure WriteC(C:Complex);
implementation
{
( ) }
procedure InitC;
begin
with C do
begin
Re:=R; Im:=I
end
end;
procedure AddC;
begin
with R do
begin
Re:= Cl.Re + C2.Re;
Im:= Cl.Im + C2.Im
end
end;
procedure MultC;
begin
with R do
begin
Re:= Cl.Re*C2.Re+Cl.Im+C2.Im;
Im:= Cl.Im*C2.Re+Cl.Re*C2.Im
end
end;
procedure DivC;
var
Tmp: real;
begin
with C2 do Tmp:=Re*Re+Im*Im;
with R do
begin
Re:= (Cl.Re*C2.Re+Cl.Im*C2.Im)/Tmp;
Im:= (C2.Re*Cl.Im+Cl.Re*C2.Im)/Tmp
end
end;
procedure WriteC;
begin
with do
begin
Write(Re);
if Im=0 then Exit;
if Im>0 then Write(+);
Write(Im);
Write('i')
end
end;
end.
, ,
. , , CmplVals - , , .
, ; . , .TPU (Turbo Pascal Unit), .
, , U-. :
uses U1, U2, U3;
uses - , U1, U2, U - . ; , interface.
. , .
CmplVals:
program DaingComplex;
uses
CmplVals;
var
C1, C2, C3: Complex;
begin
InitC(1,2,C1); InitC(3,4,C2);
MultC(C1,C2,C3); WriteC(C3);
DivC(C1,C2,C3); WriteC(C3)
end.
, :
1. , . : , uses-, ; , , .. , , uses , ; :
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, . :
unit ;
interface
var
X:real;
implementation
...
end.
, , , X:
program ;
uses ;
var X: integer;
begin
...
end.
X , , :
.
- , X - . , X , : .:= Round(X);
2. . , :
| unit A; interface ... end. | unit B; interface uses A; ... end. |
B, , . :
program P;
uses ;
...
end.
( , Turbo Pascal , , . , , , ).
3. , . , :
| unit A; interface uses B; ... end. | unit B; interface uses A; ... end. |
, . . .
4. , , . , , .
