.
. 2 , . - 50-75 .
.
. ( 20%), , . , , , .
( Philip Rubin).
: , , , . .
: , , . , Helicobacter pylori .
.
- , .
. .
. . , 2 .
2.5 , . 15-40 .
:
1. .
2. , , .
3. .
.
1.
2. - 40% 2 . - , .
3. ( 10-20 2).
4. , ( - 33%)
5.
.
1.
2.
3.
.
:
1. () -
2. () - , - , .
3. -
4. - (linitis plastica, ). .
|
|
|
:
1. - (95%)
- , .
- .
- . .
2. , , - 1%.
TNM
0
is :
1
2
3 ( )
4
N
N
N0
N1 3-
N2 3- , , , .
.
| 0 | is | N0 | 0 |
| 1 | 1 | N0 | 0 |
| 1 | 1 | N0 | 0 |
| 2 | 1 | N1 | 0 |
| 2 | N2 | 0 | |
| 3 | N0 | 0 | |
| 3 | 2 | N2 | 0 |
| 3 | N1 | 0 | |
| 4 | N0 | 0 | |
| 3 | 3 | N2 | 0 |
| 4 | N1 | 0 | |
| 4 | 4 | N2 | 0 |
| N | 1 |
.
1. 70% .
2. 70-80% .
3. . - , .
4.
5. . , .
6. - ( 10% ).
7. .
8. ( ).
.
.
.
.
.
(. ).
.
, , , :
1. .
2. (Virchow's node).
|
|
|
3. - (Irish's node).
4. ( ).
5. (Blumer's shelf) . - .
.
, - . .
