, , , . -, , : R, L ; -, , () W = () W = .
() (L) , . :
R: UR = iR; (6.1)
L: UL = ; (6.2)
: UC = . (6.3)
, , 900; , , 900. 13 .
13
R | L | ||
1. i = Imsinωt | U = Umsinωt | U=Umsin(ωt + ) | U= Umsin(ωt - ) |
2. | I = | I = ; L= ωL | I = ; C = |
3. φ = φu φi | φ = 0 | φ = | φ = |
4. , = U I cos φ | P = I2R= UI = = |
13
R | L | ||
5. Q = U I sin φ | 0 | QL= I2XL= = ULI= | QC= -I2XC = =-UCI = |
6. | |||
7. | R | XL= jωL | XC = = - j |
(.24) 2- U = UR+U+UL.
Ú = ÚR + ÚL + ÚC = IR + I j ωL + I( j ) = I Z, (6.4)
Z ():
Z = Zejφ, (6.5)
Z = ,
φ ( ):
. (6.6)
24 R, L, C
XL-X , : XL > , , φ (φ>0); XL<φ<0, , φ (φ < 0).
|
|
. 25, , , , .
φ > 0
;
.
25 R,L,C .
, V , , , .
. 26 .
, 0' ' ', z, R X .
26 , ,
(. 26) :
Up = UL UC; Up = Usinφ. (6.7)
Ua = Ucosφ (6.8)
(. 26) :
X= XL XC; X = zsinφ. (6.9)
R = zcosφ (6.10)
(. 26) , :
P = UIcosφ = I2 R = Ua I (6.11)
Q = QL QC; Q = I2 X = UIsinφ = UpI (6.12)
S = UI = I2 z = (6.13)
0'''''' , , S, Q .
, , , . .