, 4, SQL IN, BETWEEN, LIKE, IS NULL. , , . IS NULL NULL, , . NOT, .
IN
IN , . , , , Barcelona London, ( 5.1):
SELECT *
FROM Salespeople
WHERE city = 'Barcelona' OR city = 'London';
================ SQL Execution Log ============
| SELECT * |
| FROM Salespeople |
| WHERE city = 'Barcelona' |
| OR city = 'London'; |
| ==============================================|
| snum sname city comm |
| ------ ---------- ----------- ------- |
| 1001 Peel London 0.12 |
| 1004 Motika London 0.11 |
| 1007 Rifkin Barcelona 0.15 |
===============================================
5.1.
:
SELECT *
FROM Salespeople
WHERE city IN ('Barcelona', 'London');
5.2.
================ SQL Execution Log ============
| SELECT * |
| FROM Salespeople |
| WHERE city IN ('Barcelona', 'London'; |
| ==============================================|
| snum sname city comm |
| ------ ---------- ----------- ------- |
| 1001 Peel London 0.12 |
| 1004 Motika London 0.11 |
| 1007 Rifkin Barcelona 0.15 |
===============================================
5.2. SELECT IN
, IN , . , . , . , , . snum = 1001, 1007, 1004. 5.3:
SELECT *
FROM Customers
WHERE cnum IN (1001, 1007, 1004);
=============== SQL Execution Log ============
| SELECT * |
| FROM Customers |
| WHERE snum IN (1001, 1007, 1004); |
| ============================================= |
| snum cname city rating snum |
| ------ -------- ------ ---- ------ |
| 2001 Hoffman London 100 1001 |
| 2006 Clemens London 100 1001 |
| 2008 Cisneros San Jose 300 1007 |
| 2007 Pereira Rome 100 1004 |
===============================================
5.3. SELECT IN
|
|
BETWEEN
BETWEEN IN. , IN, BETWEEN , , . BETWEEN , AND . IN, BETWEEN , . , , , SQL " (BETWEEN) , " BETWEENAND . LIKE (. ). .10 .12 ( 5.4):
SELECT *
FROM Salespeople
WHERE comm BETWEEN.10 AND.12;
BETWEEN, ( ,.10 .12) .
=============== SQL Execution Log ============
| SELECT * |
| FROM Salespeople |
| WHERE comm BETWEEN.10 AND.12; |
| ==============================================|
| snum sname city comm |
| ------ ---------- ----------- ------- |
| 1001 Peel London 0.12 |
| 1004 Motika London 0.11 |
| 1003 Axelrod New York 0.10 |
===============================================
5.4: SELECT BETWEEN
SQL BETWEEN. , , - :
SELECT *
FROM Salespeople
WHERE (comm BETWEEN.10, AND.12) AND NOT comm IN (.10,.12);
5.5.
=============== SQL Execution Log ============
| SELECT * |
| FROM Salespeople |
| WHERE (comm BETWEEN.10 AND.12 |
| AND NOT comm IN (.10,.12); |
| ==============================================|
| snum sname city comm |
| ------ ---------- ----------- ------- |
| 1004 Motika London 0.11 |
===============================================
5.5. BETWEEN
, , , , . , IN BETWEEN , , , ( IN) ( BETWEEN).
, , BETWEEN . , BETWEEN, .
, 'A' 'G':
SELECT *
FROM Customers
WHERE cname BETWEEN 'A' AND 'G';
5.6.
=============== SQL Execution Log ============
| SELECT * |
| FROM Customers |
| WHERE cname BETWEEN 'A' AND 'G'; |
| ============================================= |
| cnum cname city rating snum |
| ------ -------- ------ ---- ------ |
| 2006 Clemens London 100 1001 |
| 2008 Cisneros San Jose 300 1007 |
===============================================
5.6. BETWEEN .
|
|
, Grass Giovanni . - , BETWEEN . 'G' , 'Giovanni', BETWEEN 'G' . ( ), 'Giovanni' . Grass. , BETWEEN . ( z).
LIKE
LIKE CHAR VARCHAR, , . , , , . (wildcards) -. LIKE:
(_) . , 'b_t' 'bat' 'bit', 'brat'.
(%) ( ). '%p%t' 'put', 'posit', 'opt', 'spite '.
, G ( 5.7):
SELECT
FROM Customers
WHERE cname LIKE 'G%';
=============== SQL Execution Log ============
| SELECT * |
| FROM Customers |
| WHERE cname LIKE 'G%'; |
| ============================================= |
| cnum cname city rating snum |
| ------ -------- ------ ---- ------ |
| 2002 Giovanni Rome 200 1003 |
| 2004 Grass Berlin 300 1002 |
===============================================
5.7. SELECT LIKE '%'.
LIKE , , , . , , Peal Peel. , , , ( 5.8):
SELECT *
FROM Salespeople
WHERE sname LIKE 'P _ _ l %';
, , 'P' 'l', Prettel . '%' , sname Peel, sname , . , sname, Peel, . , 'l' . '%' . , sname VARCHAR.
=============== SQL Execution Log ============
| SELECT * |
| FROM Salespeople |
| WHERE sname LIKE ' P _ _ l% '; |
| ==============================================|
| snum sname city comm |
| ------ ---------- ----------- ------- |
| 1001 Peel London 0.12 |
===============================================
5.8. SELECT LIKE (_).
, ? LIKE ESC. ESC , , , . , sname , , :
SELECT *
FROM Salespeople
WHERE sname LIKE '%/_%'ESCAPE'/';
, . ESCAPE '/' ESC. ESC LIKE , , , ESCAPE, , . ESC .
|
|
, ; .
, ESC . , ESC, . -, , ESC " ", , -, ESC .
, , '_/' sname :
SELECT *
FROM Salespeople
WHERE sname LIKE '%/_//%' ESCAPE'/';
.
(%), (/_), ESC (//), (%).