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: , , . , . .

SMTP

, - . . , - . SMTP. NVT. NVT ASCII , .

, SMTP , .

. , -MTA. [email protected] , a HOSTI, HOST2 HOST3 - :

MAIL FROM:<@HOSTI, @HOST2, @HOST3: [email protected] >

, . MAIL , . SMTP, , . Internet .

POP3

- (POP) (SMTP).

Post Office Protocol (POP) - . , . - . .

, POP, : , . . , . .

IMAP4

IMAP4 (Internet Message Access Protocol) . , IMAP4 , . IMAP4 , , . , INBOX, . IMAP4 , , IMAP4. TCP, IMAP4 143- . IMAP4 , .

IMAP4 , . . . , , . .

IMAP , "-. . , , . , , , .

IMAP4 - . 20 .

MIME

MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions), : , , ASCII, , , , . MIME HTTP, , e-mail, e-mail.

0.. 255: KOI8-R, Windows 1251 Unicode(UTF-8).

KOI8 , UNIX. .

Microsoft Windows 1251.

Unicode (UTF-8) . Unicode , , , 65536 256. , , , . UTF-8 .

, , .

, ( ). , , , . PDF. Acrobate Reader.

FTP

FTP ARPA . FTP- - Internet. FTP 1971 . FTP - TCP-. FTP :

- FTP 21, .

- FTP.

- . - .

, , FTP, .

HTTP

HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) - , . HTTP World Wide Web, 1990 . HTTP 1.1. HTTP , . , , (Universal Resource Identifier - URI), (URL) (URN). - - :

,

URI,

, , .

, : - . , , , .

WWW 80, .

.

HTTP

Web- , HTTP, :

GET /my.php HTTP/1.1

Accept: image/gif, image/png, image/jpeg, */*

Accept-Language: en-us

Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate

User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0;

Windows XP;.NET CLR 1.1.4322)

Host: my.com

Connection: Keep-Alive

 

:

GET HTTP : " , .php, , HTTP 1.1".

Accept " ".

Accept-Language ", , ".

Accept-Encoding " , gzip deflate".

User-Agent " Microsoft Explorer 8, Windows XP".

Host " /my.php , my.com".

Connection: Keep-Alive " HTTP , ". , . Keep-Alive Web-

Web- , , /my. php. , () (response) :

HTTP/1.1 200 OK

Date: Sun, 14 Mar 2010 21:36:39 GMT

Server: Apache/2

Last-Modified: Sat, 28 Nov 2009 03:59:01 GMT

ETag: "1387e3-5f88-479666db44b40"

Accept-Ranges: bytes

Content-Length: 24456

Vary: Accept-Encoding,User-Agent

Connection: close

Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8

 

<html lang="en-US" xml:lang = "en-US"> <nlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<head>

<script>

HTTP- . (response header). . (body). :

HTTP/1.1 , HTTP 1.1. 200 HTTP : " , ".

Date , , . GMT, .

Server , .

Connection , , .

Content-Type , . .

HTTP

HTTP , Web-, -, HTTP-. :

GET-. HTTP, GET. , Web- URL-.

POST-. Web-, POST. , Web-.

HEAD-. URL, URL, HEAD.

, , . , Streams HTTP, , . , HttpClient.





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