A mother had twin children Will and Jenny. The two had entirely different outlooks on life Will was a born pessimist while Jenny was an eternal optimist. These attitudes caused the mother a great deal of concern, particularly when it came to buying presents for them. So she decided to consult a child psychiatrist with regard to what she should buy them for Christmas. The psychiatrist told her to spend as much as she could on Will the pessimist but said that Jenny would probably be happy with anything. "Why not get a pile of manure* and wrap that up for Jenny?" he suggested. "I'm sure she'd be fine with that." The mother took his advice and spent 300 dollars on presents for Will and wrapped up a heap of manure for Jenny. Christmas morning came and the kids were opening their presents. "What has Santa Glaus brought you?" she asked Will. He answered gloomily, "A bike, but I'll probably get run over while riding it; football boots, but I'll probably break my leg while playing; and an electric train set, but I'll probably electrocute myself." Realizing this wasn't going as planned, she turned swiftly to Jenny. "And what has Santa Glaus brought you?" "I think I got a pony," said Jenny, up to her elbows in manure, "but I haven't been able to find it yet!"
manure
Ex 348. Use the right form of the verbs in brackets
The very next day, the first Golden Ticket (find). The finder was a boy who (call) Augustus Gloop, and evening newspapers (carry) a large picture of him on the front page. The picture showed a nine-year-old boy who was so enormously fat that he looked as though he (blow) up with a powerful pump. The town in which Augustus lived, the newspapers (say), (go) wild with excitement over their hero. Flags (fly) from all the windows, children (give) a holiday from school, and a parade (organize) in honour of the famous boy. "I just knew Augustus (find) a Golden Ticket", his mother (tell) the newspapermen. "He (eat) so many bars of chocolate a day that it was almost impossible for him not to find one. Eating always (be) his hobby, you know. That's all that (interest) him. But still, that's better than being a hooligan, isn't that? And what I always (say) is, he not (eat) like he (do) unless he (need) vitamins, anyway."
(after R. Dahl)
Ex. 349. Read and retell the jokes in indirect speech
1. Three elderly women were discussing the problems of growing old. One said, "Sometimes I find myself in front of the refrigerator with a jar of mayonnaise and I can't remember if I am putting it away or making a sandwich." Another said, "And I can trip on the stairs and not remember if I was walking up or down." "Oh well, I don't have those sort of problems, touch wood," said the third, tapping her knuckles on the table, before adding, "That must be the door I'll get it."
2. Two burglars were robbing an apartment block when they heard the sound of police car sirens. "Quick! Jump!" said one. "But we are on the thirteenth floor," protested the other. The first burglar said, "This is no time to be superstitious."
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3. A teenage boy with spiked hair, a nose ring and baggy combat trousers told his friend, "I don't really like dressing like this, but it stops my parents from dragging me everywhere with them."
4. I had a linguistic professor who said that it's man's ability to use language that makes him the dominant species on the planet. That may be, but I think there's one other thing that separates us from animals we aren't afraid of vacuum cleaners.
Ex 350. Translate into English
1. , (to cross one's path), . 2. . . 3. , . 4. , . ? , . 5. . , . 6. ! 7. , . 8. , , . 9. ? . 10. ? . 11. , . 12. , . 13. , . 14. , . 15. , . . 16. , , . , . 17. , (to improve) . 18. , , ( ).
MOOD
Ex 351. Comment on the mood of the verbs in the following sentences
1. My children ask me too many questions. 2. Now, ask your question! Go ahead! 3. Steve was sure that his teacher would answer all his questions. 4.1 wouldn't ask you this question if I knew the answer. 5. Relax! There is no hurry. Take your time. 6. She looks as if she were miserable. 7.1 shall ask you for support if any need arises. 8.1 know that you will do it as soon as you can. 9.1 know that you would do it as soon as you could. 10. He promised he would go there if he had a chance. 11.1 should go if I had time. Time is money, you know. 12. You could do it if you tried. Shall I really make an effort? 13. You could have done it if you had tried. 14. It would have been most helpful if you had done the washing. 15. If the ancient Egyptians had not had slaves, they would not have been able to build the Pyramids. 16. But for our books we would be ignorant and unaware of so many things! 17.1 know you are a great man. But your greatness would be enhanced if you said "Sorry". 18. If it weren't for the last minute, a lot of things wouldn't get done. 19. If you gave him a penny for his thoughts, you would get some change. 20. If you want to be happy, be.
(Leo Tolstoy)
Ex. 352. Read the text and find the cases of the Imperative Mood Translate them into Russian
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It was Matilda's first day in Miss Honey's class. After the usual business of going through all the names of the children, Miss Honey said, "Now this is the very first day of school for each one of you. It is the beginning of at least eleven long years of schooling that all of you are going to have to go through. And six of those years will be spent right here at Crunchen! Hall where, as you know, your Headmistress is Miss Trunchbull. She insists upon strict discipline throughout the school,and if you take my advice you will do your very best to behave yourselves in her presence. Never argue with her. Never answer her back. Always do as she says. If you get on the wrong side of Miss Trunchbull she can liquidize you like a carrot in a kitchen blender. It's nothing to laugh about, Lavender. Take that grin off your face. All of you will be wise to remember that Miss Trunchbull deals very very severely with anyone who gets out of line in this school. Have you got the message?" "Yes, Miss Honey," chirruped eighteen eager little voices.
(after R. Dahl)
Ex 353. Translate into English
I. . 2. ! ! 3. ! 4. ! 5. ! , ! 6. ! 7. , , , ! 8. . 9. ! 10. , !
II. ! 12. , , () ! 13. , . 14. - (to go over one's head). 15. ! ! 16. ! ( !) 17. ! 18. ! 19. ! 20. ! 21. ! !
Ex 354. Read and translate the sentences into Russian Pay attention to the mood of the verb
1. If no one were allowed to ignore the rules, language would stagnate. 2. If I lived in England, I wouldn't have any problems with my English. 3. If people trusted and respected each other, it would make life easier. 4. If I could read people's thoughts, it would be interesting to know all beforehand. 5. If you met her, you would fall in love with her at first sight. 6. If I were ill, I wouldn't eat anything. The best remedy would be to starve a day or two. 7. If Caroline didn't love roses, he wouldn't give them to her on her birthdays. 8. If Alison had bought the dress yesterday, she would have spent all her money. 9. Just imagine what chaos there would be if we lived in a society without laws! 10. If you had given us a hint, we would have guessed your secret then. 11. If Olga hadn't been so exhausted, she might have been suspicious of this. 205
12. It would have been helpful if someone had met me at the airport and had taken me to the hotel. 13. He says that if he could start his life anew, he wouldn't change anything. 14. If the babysitter had arrived at the appointed time, we would have met. 15. Your house plants wouldn't have died if you had watered them regularly. 16. If Bobbie were less curious, he wouldn't have asked us so many personal questions yesterday. 17. If Liz had tried harder at college, she would be more successful now. 18. Mary gave Joe a smile that would have melted half the ice in the Arctic Circle. 19. There are some subjects I wouldn't discuss with people I don't know quite well.
Ex. 355. Read the following sentences and give their Russian equivalents
1. A blind man would be glad to see. 2. An unfortunate man would be drowned in a teacup. 3. The cat would eat fish and would not wet her paws. 4. If ifs and ands were pots and pans, there would be no work for tinker's hands. 5. If my aunt had been a man, she'd have been my uncle.
6. If there were no clouds, we would not enjoy the sun. 7. If only youth had the knowledge; if only age had the strength! 8. If youth knew what old age would crave, it would both get and save. 9. Life would be too smooth if it had no rubs in it. 10. If fools wore white caps, we would seem a flock of geese. 11. If there were no fools, there would be no wise men. 12. If riches were granted, even beggars would become rich. 13. If you had as little money as manners, you'd be the poorest of your kin. 14. If wishes were fishes, you'd need a whole ocean to hold all of mine' Happy Birthday! 15. If he were to fall into the pond, he would come out with a fish in his mouth.
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Ex. 356. Change the Indicative Mood of the verb into the Present Conditional
1.1 use my computer every day. 2. She cares for Jack, she loves him. 3. Fred reads newspapers regularly. 4. The friends play golf every weekend. 5. She is scared and 206
will lock the door. 6. Brian sometimes agrees with his father. 7.1 consult my family doctor now and then. 8. He is a reliable person and can help you. 9. We call them very often. 10. She is always easy to deal with. 11. He will do his best, but he has no chance. 12. The Parkers S can afford a big house. 13. The weather may change again. 14. We may never meet again.
Ex 357. Complete the sentences by using the Past Conditional of. verbs in brackets
1. He didn't know anything about the party, or he (come). 2. The doctor told me nothing about the new treatment, or I (try) it. 3. Why didn't you consult your tutor? He (advise) you what to do. 4. We couldn't get in touch with each other, or we (avoid) a lot of trouble. 5. There were no computers in those times, or my father (learn) them. 6. He was pressed for time last week or he (visit) his in-laws. 7. Helen didn't buy the dress though it was just what she wanted. In her place I (buy) it. 8. Michael finally made up with his son or he (change) his will. 9. Why didn't you ask me? I (can) (give a lift) you to the fitness centre. 10. It really was hitting news or everybody (take) it easy. 11. You've got into a mess again! Really, you (can) (be) more careful! 12. Olga's mother did all the housework, or she (learn) how to cook. 13. She had an alibi or the police (arrest) her. 14. The new perfume was too sweet or I (buy) it. 15. The serial was too long otherwise I (watch) it to the end. 16. If it weren't for electricity, we all still (watch) television by candlelight.
Ex 358. Make the sentences complete by using either the Present or Past Conditional
1. But for the strained circumstances.... 2. But for my boss's recommendation.... 3. But for unfavourable weather.... 4. But for Charles' profound knowledge.... 5. But for her intelligence and smartness.... 6. But for the house being too big.... 7. But for the manager's competence.... 8. But for the children being left all alone in the house.... 9. But for the pizza being too spicy... 10. But for Francis's dark suspicions.... 11. But for this awkward misunderstanding.... 12. But for the girl being too sophisticated.... 13. But for English being So universally popular.... 14. But for the lovely and unexpected surprise.... 15. But for the tiresome hurly. burly of the city....
Ex. 359. Translate into English
1. . 2. , . 3. ? . 4. . . 5. . . . 6. . . 7. ! . 8. ? . . 9. , . . 10. ? ? 11. , ! . 12. . , . 13. . , . 14. . . 15. ? , . 16. , .
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Ex. 360. Transform the verb to be into the Present or Past Subjunctive, to express an unreal wish.
Model: It's not sunny today. If it were sunny today!
It was foggy yesterday. If it hadn't been foggy yesterday!
1. It's autumn now. 2. He isn't my friend. 3. She wasn't my teacher. 4. This dress isn't my size. 5. I'm not happy about it. 6. The bag was too expensive. 7.1 am a dreamer. 8. My holiday wasn't long. 9. This money isn't mine. 10. The party is very dull. 11. The secretary isn't efficient. 12. The car was out of order. 13. The boss is out. 14. We were scared. 15. English phonetics is so difficult! 16. Uncountable nouns are so misleading!
Ex 361. Transform the sentences into unreal ones, paying particular intention to the use of the negative particle not where necessary
Model: Simon smokes too much. If Simon didn't smoke so much! /
She didn't learn the news. If she had learned the news!
1. Our neighbours visit us every weekend. 2. He didn't notice me. He ignored me. 3.1 don't often meet my school friends now. 4. The children don't obey their grandparents. 5. Emma had too much work to do last week. 6.1 have to work even on Sunday. 7. Theresa didn't help her mother about the house. 8. The dog eats too much meat. 9. Nobody knew his address or telephone number. 10.1 don't speak English fluently. 11. They have no chance to travel. 12. Ridge makes friends too easily. 13. Nelly went there too late. 14. She doesn't often go to the theatre. 15. My sister buys too many things.
Ex 362. Make the following sentences with the modal verb can
Model: You can't speak to the boss now, he is busy. If the boss were not busy, you could speak to him now. They couldn't join us, it was too late. They could have joined us if it hadn't been so late.
1. The children can't play this game in the house. They are so noisy! 2. You can't watch this film before going to bed. It's a horror film. 3. We couldn't listen to the pop-concert. It started too late. 4.1 can't sing at all I've lost my voice. 5. Angela couldn't dance with Nick. They had quarrelled. 6. They can't show you all the sights of the city. They are working all the week. 7. m can't afford this ring. She earns too little money. 8. We can't relax at the moment. There is some work to do. 9. Nobody in the office knows Turkish. We can't read the letter. 10. The child can't tell the truth. He is too scared. 11.1 can't help you out. I'm leaving the city. 12. My grandparents can't live in the country all the year round. There are no conveniences in the cottage. 13. My friends and I couldn't meet very often. Everybody was so busy! 14. I can't sit and watch the telly with you! I have to cook supper. 15. The police can't find the robbers. They didn't leave any traces.
Ex. 363. Join the sentences making them unreal
1. He's getting fat. He doesn't take much exercise. 2. He smokes about 50 cigarettes a day. He is always coughing. 3. She goes to bed very late. She feels tired in the morning. 4. He is not a strong child. He never eats fruit. 5. Jack doesn't listen to the teacher very carefully. He makes a lot of mistakes. 6. Unfortunately I don't know his address. I can't write to him. 7. Marina went to the market too late. She couldn't buy any fresh strawberries. 8. You didn't sweep the room properly. It's dirty. 9. The play was boring. Some people didn't even watch it to the end. 10. Yuri didn't even try to do the job. It wasn't done. 11. Molly felt that the woman was deceiving her. So she didn't obey her. 12. My T-shirt shrank. I think I didn't dry it properly. 13. The flowers have died. You constantly forget to water them-14. The tourists didn't wear sensible shoes. Now they have blisters. 15. The store is not well located. It doesn't attract many customers.
Ex 364. Complete the following sentences using the suitable mood of verb
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I. It snowed all day otherwise.... 2. We would join you.... 3. If our building were better located,.... 4. Henry, wouldn't have said that.... 5. If Alison had found time,.... 6. But for the hint.... 7. If my father were there,.... 8. The sea was stormy otherwise.... 9. But for the dense fog.... 10. If there were no television,.... II. Life would be very dull.... 12. If you used your brains,.... 13. The boss would have raised my wages.... 14. But for the ecological situation.... 15. If you were not such a spendthrift,.... 16. But for bad luck....
Ex 365. Make up a story by combining the sentences and making unreal
Model. If David hadn't got an invitation he wouldn't have gone to the party. If he....
I. 1. David got an invitation. 2. He went to the party. 3. David drank too much. 4. He got drunk. 5. David drove dangerously. 6. He had an accident. 7. David was seriously injured. 8. He had to be taken to hospital.
II. 1. Lucy saw the advertisement. 2. She went for an interview. 3. Lucy got the job. 4. She met Alan. 5. He asked her out. 6. They fell in love with each other. 7. Alan proposed to her. 8. They got married.
Ex 366. Complete the sentences
1. If you pay your money right now,.... 2. If I had known this was so difficult,.... 3. If you did what your parents advise you,.... 4. If it is fine weather tomorrow,.... 5. If there were no oxygen in the air,.... 6. If the campers had put up the tents accurately,.... 7. If Mary had not been idle all this time, now.... 8. If the child eats too much,.... 9. If you know what to do,.... 10. If I were King,.... 11. If he was late this morning again,.... 12. Napoleon would have taken England,.... 13. A student soon forgets what he has learned, unless.... 14. Had I known how dangerous this journey was,.... 15. If this matter were not so costly,....
Ex. 367. Translate into English
1. ? - . 2. . . 3. , ? , . 4. , . 5. , ? . 6. , . 7. , . 8. , , ! . 9. , , . 10. , . 11. ! , , . 12. , . 13. , . 14. , . 15. , .
Ex. 368. Make the following sentences conditional (real or unreal), starting with If
1. It's important to protect wildlife now or there will be nothing left for future generations. 2. He's not a millionaire. He won't buy you a house. 3. The schoolchildren sowed some seeds, but they forgot to water them, so the seeds didn't grow. 4. He hopes he will get rich one day and will see the world. 5. When they were young many people didn't realize that smoking was dangerous. Now they are having serious health problems. 6.1 couldn't stop the car. There was an accident. 7. They are leaving soon and it makes me unhappy. 8. He didn't enjoy school, so he didn't do very well. 9. Time flies! You can never think of your future. 10. The fax hasn't come yet. We can't act. 11. It was raining quite hard, but Mary went out wearing thin sandals, and her feet soon got wet. 12. He bought the house without consulting the agent. Now he realizes it wasn't a sensible thing to do. 13. Helen ate too much birthday cake. She was sick. 14. Heidi is going to eat the whole cake. She is sure to fall ill.
Ex 369. Read or sing the following
If You Were Me
(duet Chris Rea with Elton John)
If you were me And I was you, If you had to play my part out What would you do? Two crazy stories Two different views If you were me And I were you. If you were me And I was you,
What kind of crazy things Would I have to do? Who likes to party Who stays at home If you were me And I was you. Never like strangers Though never the same Two circus side shows That laughed in the rain. You stayed with the full moon You searched for the stars Thank God in his heaven Here we both are.
Ex. 370. Use the correct mood of the verbs in brackets.
1. It (be) nice if our lives (be) like VCRs! 2. If the storm not (rage) so furiously last night, many trees not (break). 3. I (go) and (live) in the tropics if only I (can). 4. What we (do) if television not (invent)? 5. If the laws of nature not (break), the situation (be) different. 6. Australia (be) a delightful country to live in if it not (be) so far. 7. He not (catch) a cold if he not (drink) so much cold beer in the pub yesterday. 8. If I (live) long enough, I (can) do so many great things! 9. If I not (pay) all my bills before leaving the hotel, I not (be) penniless now. 10. If the fellow not (leave) the city, the police (arrest) him. 11. If Mel not (be) so light-minded, Hilda not (leave) him! 12. If the case not (be) so interesting, the inspector not (take) it up. 13. If we (know) how dangerous the expedition was, we (refuse). 14. Ratchel (pass) the interview on Friday if she (know) a second foreign language. 15. She (wear) this frock tonight if she not (put on) so much weight lately.
Ex. 371. Discuss the following topics
1. A scientist has discovered a drug which will cause you to forget everything that has happened to you. He has also discovered one which causes you to remember everything that has ever happened to you. You must choose one of these two drugs. Which will it be and why?
2. A machine has been invented which will make you invisible for 48 hours. How would you want to spend these two days? 3. You can be any living person in the world. Who will it be and why? 4. You have to make a decision about two jobs. One is exactly what you have wanted all your life; however, it doesn't pay a lot of money. The other job pays a very good salary but is not at all interesting to you. Which job will you choose and why? 5. Your car has broken down. You are in a jungle. You have not eaten for three days. Your foot is injured and it is difficult for you to walk. If you follow the road it will be at least two days before you reach civilization; if you take a shortcut through the jungle you will get to a village within less than a day. The jungle is full of wild animals. Would you stay on the road or go through the jungle?
Ex 372. Translate into English.
1. , . ? 2. , . 3. , : , , . 4. , . 5. , . 6. , . 7. , . 8. , . 9. , . 10. , . 11. , , . 12. , . 13. , . 14. , . 15. , . 215
Ex. 373. Practise the Conditional and the Subjunctive Mood while discussing the following ideas.
I. What if Christopher Columbus had been lost at sea on his first voyage to the New World? 2. What if the wheel had not been invented? 3. What if the ocean were filled with fresh water instead of salt water? 4. What if printing hadn't been invented? 5. What if the airplane hadn't been invented? 6. What if the electric light had not been invented? 7. What if man could control the weather all the time? 8. What if a new ice age should begin within the next five years? 9. What if everybody in the world spoke the same language? 10. What if signs of intelligent life were discovered on another planet? 11. What if science should discover a way to prolong life to 150 years? 12. What would you like to be: a sparrow or a snail? A hammer or a nail? A forest or a stream? 13. What animal or plant would you like to be and why? 14. If you had only one day to live, what would you do?
Ex. 374. Translate into English.
1. , , . 2. , . ! 3. , . 4. , . 5. . 6. , , . 7. , , . 8. , , , . 9. , . 10. , , ? ! 11. , . 12. , - . 13. -, . 14. , - . 15. , .
Ex 375. Make the condition more problematic according to the model.
Model: If danger comes, we shall be prepared to meet it
Should danger come, we shall be prepared to meet it.
1. 1 don't care if the whole village knows. If that happens, we shall have to send you away. 2. If you decide to sell your country house, my brother will be willing to buy it. 3. If there are many problems by chance, we are ready to help. 4. If you get lost in the area, ask a policeman. 5. If I get the job, I'll invite you to the restaurant. 6. If there is something urgent, call us. 7. If Maxim fails you again, forget that he has ever existed. 8. If something goes wrong, we'll hire a private detective. 9. If I lose my independence, I'll get a full-time job. 10. If Adrian turns up, inform him of the latest events. 11. If he insists, ask him to give all the reasons. 12. If the weather by chance turns out to be on the miserable side... well, there are alternatives.
Ex 376. T ranslate into English.
1. - , , , . 2. , . 3. . , . 4. , . , , . 5. , , . 6. , - , . 7. , . 8. , . 9. , . 10. , , . 11. , , . 12. , . 13. , . 14. , ? 15. , ? ?
Ex. 377. Comment on the use of tenses in sentences after wish
were with us now.
