(t) (z) (. 2.6)
t=z=1,5.
S, /, ,
S=S, (2.10)
S , S=0,46 / [15, 111],
( ), . , =1.
S = 0,461=0,46 /.
S = 0,5 / [15, 26], [1, 2.11].
V, /,( )
V=V, (2.11)
V , V =136 / [15, 114],
( ), [15, . 525].
114.
V =1360,70,8 = 76,16 /.
n, -1,
-1.
n =800 -1 [15, . 421], [15, . 421], [1, . 31].
V, /,
/.
t, ,
,
27 ( ),
( ) 1 [7, .123],
( ) 1 [7, .123].
:
.
t, ,
, (2.12)
t , ,
t = 12, [15, 141];
t , ' , ,
t = 0,42 [7, 71].
. 71 .
t = 0,34 [15, . 552].
:
.
t, ,
.
t, ,
,
= 8% [15, 146].
t,,
.
- t-, ,
,
. =11+4=15 [15, 147],
n = 40 ( 2.2 ).
2
. [15].
. 35-10, = 121149. 10,8 . n = 90 .
- 2125.
.
Ø8,3 18.
010 . Ø 8,3 .
S, /, ,
|
|
|
S=S,
S , S =0,39 / [15, 121].
( ), . 121.
.
Ι .
ΙΙ .
S = 0,3911=0,39 /.
S = 0,39 / [15, 28], [1, 2.11].
, 28 , 0,11,6 /.
V, /, ( , )
V=V,
V , V =28 / [15, 121];
( ), ( 121)
V =2811=28 /.
n, -1,
-1,
n = 1070 -1 [15, 28], [1, 2.11].
( 452000 -1). n .
V, /.
/.
t0, ,
,
. = 3 ( ).
, , ( ) = 11;
= 0,5+1,5=2 [7, .139];
- ( ) , =0 [7, .139].
:
.
t, ,
,
t = 0,1 [15, 144],
, ' , t = 0,03+0,02+0,02=0,07 [7, 76].
. 76 .
t = 0,24 [15, 145],
.
t, ,
.
t, ,
,
= 8% [15, 146].
t, ,
.
- t-, ,
,
. =12+0,2=12,2 [15, . 561].
3
.
: [14], [7], [15].
; 40; 217; σ = 580 ;
0,4 ; n = 60 ; 29 ; 100 .
: - 610; ; 156,
=80, z = 5; φ = 45º.
015 . 0,25 .
|
|
|
t = 0,25 (. 2.6).
( R 1,6 ) S0 = 0,40,6 / [15, 91].
Sz, /,
, (2.13)
z .
/.
. = 80 , z = 5,
V = 385 / [7, 89] ( .2 ).
n, -1,
-1.
[15, 45]
n = 1600 -1.
V, /,
/.
S, /,
S=Szzn, (2.14)
S = 0,0851600=640 /.
S = 660 / [15, 45].
Sz, /,
, (2.15)
/.
t,,
,
L = + + ,
= 100 ( ),
- , = 16,2 ; [7, 87] ( .1);
510 [14, . 9],
= 7 .
:
L =100+16,2+7=123,2 ,
.
t, ,
,
= 0,13 [15, 144],
, ,
= 0,20 [7, 93].
. 93 .3.
= 0,26 [15, 145].
: 
..
t, ,
.
t, ,
,
= 12% [15, 146].
.
t, ,
.
- t-, ,
, . = 8,4 [7, 95].
. 95 .4 .
: 
.
