.


:




:

































 

 

 

 


. , , .




(. behavioral patterns) , .

, . . , , . , . - , . . .

Command/, Interpreter/

Iterator/,Cursor,Mediator/ Memento/,Observer/,

- , . : Dependents (), Publish-Subscribe (-). codelab.ru codelab.ru

- .

, . , : , .

.

,

,

, .

class Command {

public:

virtual ~Command ();

virtual void Execute () = 0;

protected:

Command ();

};

class OpenCommand: public Command {

public:

OpenCommand (Application*);

virtual void Execute ();

protected:

};

void OpenCommand::Execute () {

const char* name = AskUser();

if (name!= 0) {

Document* document = new Document(name);

_application->Add(document);

document->0pen();}}


 

12. XML: , . XML DTD.

XML- ( , HTML) Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML), , . XML (). XML . XML , , , . , , . "XML" .

XML , , , XML, , , , .

<book> <chapter>
<title></title>
</chapter>
<chapter>
<title> </title>
<subChapter>
<title> 1</title>
</subChapter>
<subChapter>
<title> 2</title>
</subChapter>
</chapter>
<chapter>
<title></title>
</chapter> </book>

DTD (-, ), ( ) . DTD , , , , .

<!ELEMENT people_list (person*)>

<!ELEMENT person (name, birthdate?, gender?, socialsecuritynumber?)>

<!ELEMENT name (#PCDATA) >

<!ELEMENT birthdate (#PCDATA) >

<!ELEMENT gender (#PCDATA) >

<!ELEMENT socialsecuritynumber (#PCDATA) >

: <people_list> <person>. <*> 0, 1 <person> <people_list>.

<person> <name>, <birthdate>, <gender> <socialsecuritynumber>. <?> . <name> <?>, <person> <name>. <name> . <birthdate> . <gender> . <socialsecuritynumber> . XML-, DTD:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE people_list SYSTEM "example.dtd">

<people_list>

<person>

<name>Fred Bloggs</name>

<birthdate>27/11/2008</birthdate>

<gender>Male</gender>

<socialsecuritynumber>1234567890</socialsecuritynumber>

</person>

</people_list>

XML .

XML- Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML), , . XML (). XML . XML , , , . , , . "XML" .

(Schemas) XML-. DTD, , , . , XML- XML.

XML schema: XML-, , , . .

XML. , . , , - , . , , :

<schema id="OurSchema">

<elementType id="#title">

<string/>

</elementType>

<elementType id="photo">

<element type="#title">

<attribute name="src"/>

</elementType>

<elementType id="gallery">

<element type="#photo">

</elementType>

</schema>

XML- , - . .. , :

<gallery>

<photo id="1"><title>My computer</title></photo>

<photo id="2"><title>My family</title></photo>

<photo id="3"><title>My dog</title></photo>

</gallery>

 


 





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