, , , , .
- , , , .
.
, () , , .
. - , . (.5.4).
5. 4.
, | |
<10-6 | |
() | 10-6 0,005 |
0,005 0,5 | |
0,5 - 103 | |
103 - 105 | |
105 - 108 | |
> 108 |
, . (n,n) (n,n') .
, , ( ().
, , .
. , ( ), .
.
. . . , -235.
. , , .. , , . , . . , , ;
|
|
, (5.16)
0 1 ;
;
.
, = 180˚, cos = -1, .
, (5.17)
. , , , .
(n, ). . .
,
.
, . .
(n,n) , (n, ) 1/v, v - . , .
, . , .
, .. .
, . , , . N0, N, , :
N = N0·exp(-n0· n· x), (5.18)
N0 ;
N , ;
;
n0 1 3 , n0 = 6.02·1023·/; (/3);
x ().
.
, . , .
r =
.
, , .
|
|
= . + . + ..
. . 1 = 10-28 2. , . .
N/N0 = exp(-n0· n· x) = (5.19)
.
·n0 -1.
() :
, (5.20)
1/ = , , . .
, .
5. 5. ()
, /3 | () : | ||
4 | 14.9 | ||
0.92 | 5.5 | 13.9 | |
1.18 | 6.3 | 15.2 | |
1.67 | 12.0 | 17.2 | |
1.6 | 11.4 | 24.0 | |
2.7 | 14.1 | 15.9 | |
7.89 | 7.6 | 8.3 | |
11.34 | 15.0 | 15.5 |
1. - ?
2. - ?
3. -?
4. - ?
5. ?
6. .