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Topics for self-testing and Class Discussion




1. Name the classes of sense units which do not undergo any
structural transformation in the process of translation.

2. Expand on the nature of inner/implicit transformation of the
source language/sense units in the target language.

3. Define the nature and types of outer/explicit transformation
of the language/sense units in the process ottranslation.

4. Explain and exemplify the outer phonetic/phonological trans
formation of some language units in the process of translation.

5. Give examples of some possible transformations of the
English and Ukrainian simple/compound words and word-groups in
cluding internationalisms and specific notions of national lexicon/cul
turally biased elements.

6. Identify the grammatically/objectively conditioned transfor
mations of sense units and point out the devices employed to achieve
faithfulness in their translation.

7. Explain the reason of employment of stylistically conditioned
transformations of language/sense units in the process of translating.

8. Explain the transformation which occurs through omissions,
additions, extension, reductions, etc. in the target language in the
process of translation.

9. Name the main transformations employed in the process of
translating Ukrainian evaluative lexis (diminutives and
augmentatives).

EXERCISES FOR CLASS AND HOMEWORK

Exercise I. Analyse the semantic structure and translate the following English simple and compound words into Ukrai-


Nian. Point out the difference (if any) in their outer form in the two languages.

Model: abduct ( ), a simple word in English - an extended word-group in Ukrainian.

1. Abiology, abloom, acclamation, adore, adrift, agape, airborn,
airsickness, all-clear, all-up, answerable, ashen, babyhood, bailable,
blameful, carnation, chargeable, chemise, clockwise, coddle, cuff,
deployment, diner, embark;

2. endanger, eventful, exuberate, fence, season, fishmonger,
grandmotherly, haunter, headachy, header, head-phones, hurry-scurry,
immissible;

3. jeopardize, jumping-rope, lucubration, lunate, matchwood,
melodize, midmost, midsummer, misstatement, monologize, mother's
mark, mythisize, name-child, needful, northerner/southerner, off-print,
off-shore, outrank, overtalk (v);

4. overtask, parcook, pencraft, percipient, patchwork, playable,
politicize, pot-valiant, pauperize, prison-breaker, prosify, propulsive,
quantify, queenhood;

5. rebuff, reforest, reiterate, remand, readable, repayable, rus
ticate, schoolable, salad-days, saddlefast, sea-born, seaworthy, sig
natories, speaking-trumpet;

6. straddle, stampede, sugar candy, sunproof, sweetie, swing-
door, war-whoop, swift-handed, washable, waterage, zipper.

Exercise II. Prior to translating the Ukrainian simple and compound words into English point out the influence of some prefixal and suffixal morphemes upon their semantic and outer structure in the corresponding English equivalents.

1. , , ,
, ', , , , -,
, , /, , ,
, ;

2. , , , ,
, , , , , ,
, , , , ,
, ;

3. , , , , ,
, , , , , ,
, , , , ,
, ;


4. , ', ,
, , , , -
, -, -, , ,
, ;

5. , , , ,
, , , ,
, , , /,
, , , ;

6. , , , , , ,
, , , , , .

Exercise III. Translate the Ukrainian evaluative words into English. Distinguish, where possible, between the ways of expressing their purely diminutive or purely augmentative meanings on one hand and tender or coarse meanings on the other.

1. /, , , ,
, , , , , , ,
/, , , , ,
, , , , (),
, , , ;

2. , , /, , ,
, , , , , , ,
, , , , , , ,
, , , , -, ,
, , ;

 

3. , , , , ,
, , , , , , ,
, , , , , ,
, , ;

4. , , , , ,
, , , , ,
, , , , , ,
, ;

5. , , , ,
, , , , , ,
, , , , .





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