: , .
F=Gm1m2/r2
G=Fr2/m2
G = 6,6710-11 2/2.
, ,
F=GMm/R2 g=F/m=GM/R2 F=mg g=GM/(R+h)
, ,
=F=mg.
10
(, , ), , . , . , .
, , , . , , . , , , . .
́ ́
11 ()
1 .
1 (, ).
- , .
12 ()
() , , , .
.
. , .
13
́ ́ ́ (́ ́ ) , ( ) .
. , , .
14 , ́ ( ) , . .
|
|
( ) :
rc - ,
ri - i- ,
mi i- .
. , , ( ).
dP/dt = M∙dVc/dt = ΣF
, , . .
́ ́ (́ ́ ́) , . . . . . . . ... . , . ... ; ( ) ... (MV²/2, , V ).
.
, , ( -), . , .
, , () , . , . . , ( ) .
15. . .
. . . , , . (), .. 1 = 1 ×1 .
.
, .
|
|
-
A = ( ⋅ ∆ ) = F ⋅ ∆r ⋅ cosα (1)
, , .
∆A = F∆S ⋅ cos α (2) .
,
A= F⋅S ⋅cosα.(3)
1 3 , :
1) α < 90º, sα > 0 ,
2) α > 90º, cosα < 0 ,
3) α = 90º, cosα = 0
.
, S ∆S, , .
∆ = ⋅ ∆ ⋅ cosα (4)
(1-2) ∆
(5)
∆S → 0, n → ∞
(6) (1,2)
.
. . - , , , . . 1 = 1 /1.
, .
(7)-
, . .
(8)- .
dA =F dScosα
, (8) N = F ⋅V ⋅ cosα , .