.
- , , ( = 327, = 1744), , , , (11340 /3). , . , . γ-, . , .
. ( ), 85-90 % Sn 15-10 % Pb, , . , 67 % Pb 33 % Sn, . , , . . , , , . .
.. ...
- 82- .., 6- 14(4) .
[ Xe ]5d106s26p2
() .
- 6s- , ( , , ) ( - f- ), - , +2. , +4. 0.
.
+2 (E= -0.13 ), +4 (E= 0.78 ).
- .
, , , 0 +2. +4 . +4 , . +2 , , , .
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) , , , , - , . 600 , :
2Pb+O2=2PbO
Pb2O3 Pb3O4( ), 600 .
) :
Pb+H2O= PbO+ H2
) , . .
Pb+2HCl = PbCl2 + H2
Pb+H2SO4= PbSO4+ H2
- :
Pb0- 2e= Pb2+
2H++2e= H2
Pb+ 2H+= Pb2++ H2
) . . , , .
Pb+2H2SO4(.)= PbSO4+ S02+ 2H2O
Pb0-2e =Pb2+
S042-+4H++2e= SO2+ 2H2O
Pb+SO42-+4H =Pb2+ + SO2+ 2H2O
Pb+ 4HNO3(.)= Pb(NO3)2 + 2NO2 + 2H2O
Pb0-2e =Pb2+
NO3-+ 2H++e = NO2+ H2O (*2)
Pb0+2NO3- +4H+ = Pb2+ + 2NO2+ 2H2O
3Pb+8HNO3()= 3Pb(NO3)2 +2NO+ 4H2O
Pb0-2e =Pb2+ (*3)
NO3- + 4H+ +3e = NO+2H2O (*2)
3Pb0 + 2NO3- + 8H+ = 3P2+ + 2NO+ 4H2O
) .
Pb+ 2NaOH + 2H2O = Na2[ Pb(OH)4] + H2
2H2O+2e = H2 + 2OH-
Pb0 + 4OH- + 2H2O = [Pb(OH)4]2- + H2 + 2OH-
Pb0 + 2OH- + 2H2O = [Pb(OH)4]2- +H2
