, . OSI. . . . , .
́ ́ (, ; . Local Area Network, LAN) , (, , , ). , .
, , , .
1. . , -.
2. . .
3. . , .
4. . , , MS Word. .
5. . , . .
6. . .
7. . , , .
OSI
OSI ( ) ( ) OSI/ISO.
, , ( .).
7 . , .
OSI () . OSI. .
, . ; , .
|
|
OSI | ||
(layer) | ||
7. | ||
6. | . | |
5. | () . | |
/ | 4. | , . |
3. | , , . . | |
2. | , , . | |
1. | . , |
.
, 0 1 . .
: , , ( ), , .
, .
, , , ( ) .
:
( ) , (frame), . , , ;
( ) ;
( , OSI, , );
.
, ( ), .
MAC . , , .
( ) MAC- ( ). MAC- .
|
|
LLC . . OSI ( MAC-) .
.
(bus) . , , - (backbone). . (terminator). , .
(ring). . , , . . .
, , . . .
(star) , ( ) . , .
(mesh) . . , .
(cellular). (cell), - . - . . - , .
(logical topology) () . ; .
Token Ring , (). . , . ( )., ( ).. ,
Ethernet. . , ( ). . ( ).
, , :
;
|
|
, .