, . . , , .
, . , . , 9.3, , , . 9.4.
( /, . 9.3, ).
III, 60% Sb + 40% Pb. , 0 (t0 = 7000 C), t1 1. 0-1 9.3, . , 1, . , .
( 1-2 9.3, ). =ʖ+1=22+1=1, . . , , t = 4000 , ( ). : 68% Pb + 32% Sb ( /), : 100% Sb ( / ). , , () q qSb :
, ,
, , (, Sb).
32% Sb, 68% Sb, 100% Sb.
, :
; .
, t 59 % 41% . , , , .
t1-t2 I . 100% Sb ( / . 9.3, ).
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9.5.
9.5 -
t1- t2
( . .9.3, ) , t1 t2, , . , (. .9.5), (.9.6).
9.6 -
2-2/ (. .9.3, ), .. , =0. (=2-2+1=1), 2-3 (. .9.3, ).
, . , , Pb (.9.7).
, , . , .
9.3
:
1) ;
2) ;
3) , ;
4) () ;
5) ( ).
9.1.
9.4
: , Cu Ni Pb - Sb, , 9.1 , , , , , (. .9.1 9.3).
9.1
, % | , 0 | , 0 | ,0 | ( ) | |||||
t1 | t2, | ||||||||
30%Cu+ +70%Ni | t0 t1 | () | 30%Cu+ 70%Ni | =2-1+1=2 | |||||
t1 t2 | + a -. (+a) | a-. | + a | : 30% Cu+70% Ni 78% Cu+22% Ni, a-. 93% Ni +7% Cu 70% Ni+30% Cu | =2-2+1=1 | ||||
t2 t3 | a -. | a | 70% Ni+30% Cu | =2-1+1=2 | |||||
40%Pb+ +60%Sb | t0 t1 | () | 40%Pb+ 60% Sb | =2-1+1=2 | |||||
t1 t2 | + Sb | Sb | + Sb | 100% Sb. : 40%Pb+60%Sb 13%Sb+ +87%Pb | =2-2+1=1 | ||||
40%Pb+ +60%Sb | t2 | , Sb, Pb | : Pb+Sb | +.Sb+ + (Pb+Sb) | - 13% Sb + + 87% Pb; Sb - 100%; Pb 100% | =2-3+1=0 | |||
t2 t3 | Pb+Sb | - .Sb + +(Pb+Sb) | Sb - 100%; Pb 100% | =2-2+1=1 |
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:
1 , .
2 .
3 , , .
8
. , .
, . . , . , , .
, ( ), . . . , , . , .
, , () . (, , , ). (.10.1). , . . , . . , . - (, ), . ( ), , .
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, . , .
, , .