- :
1. -- ;
2. -
3. , - - .
- (1923)
, , .
. , +.
2SO4=H++HSO4-
HSO4-=H++SO42-
, . , .
C5H5N+H2O= C5H5NH++OH-
, - , , = , . , , .
HB=H++B-
, .
2=++-
2+ +=3+
2+ 2= 3++ -
=[ 3+]*[ -]/[ 2]2
=55,55 /
*[ 2]2- =w
w==[ 3+]*[ -]=1*10-14 t=25
. - 3 :
1.- (, )
2.- (, , )
3.- (,, )
- .
, , . , .
.
́ ́, pH ( ) , , ( ) , :
( ), + ͖ [H+][OH] = w; ( /). Kw . , 0 0,111014, 20 0,691014, 100 55,01014. Kw 25, 1,001014. , , + ͖ ( ). : +, ͖. . , . , , [H+] = 105 /, [OH] = 109 /, - 1014. [OH] = 3,7103 / [H+] = 1014/3,7103 = 2,71011 /.
|
|