14. : , , , , , ( ).
I. . | |
1. : ) | CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O + Q 2410 + 132→ 82 +102+Q |
) . | 2CH4 + 3O2 → 2CO + 4H2O |
2. ( t ) ) , ) - | 2CH4 + O2 → 2CH3O CH4 + O2 → CO + H2O 2CH4 + 3O2 → 2COO+ 2H2O 2C4H10 + 5O2 → 43COO+ 2H2O |
II. . | |
1. ( t). , . , , 2-. | CH4 + Cl2 → CH3Cl + HCl : CH3Cl + Cl2 → CH2Cl2 +HCl CH2Cl2 + Cl2 →CHCl3 + HCl CHCl3 + Cl2 → CCl4 + HCl |
2. ( ) | 26 + N3→ 25N2+ H2O |
III. | |
1. | : 26 → 24 + 2 |
2. ( ) | 3-2-2-3→ 3--3 3 |
3. ( ): ) ) | 1000 4 → + 22 1500 2CH4 → 22 + 32 |
4. - () (400-500 ) | → + 2042 → 1022 + 1020 |
IV. 800 | 4 + 2 → + 32 |
V. ( ≥ 6) | 614→ 66 + 42 |
VI. .. | - |
VII. | - |
I. ( ≥ 5) | |
1) : | |
) | |
) | |
2) | t,Pt → 66 + 32 |
3) | 612+ 9O2 → 6CO2 + 6 H2O+Q |
II. - ( = 3, 4), | |
1) | |
) | |
) | |
) |
I. : 1) () | 24 + 22 → 2 + 22 + Q |
2) ( π-) | . : CH2 = CH2 + + [O] → CH2(OH) CH2(OH) 3 CH2 = CH2 + 2KMnO4 + 4H2O → 3 CH2 CH2 + 2MnO2 + 2KOH | | OH OH |
3) Ƹ | KMnO4 , , 2: 5CH3-CH=CH-CH2-CH3 + 8KMnO4 + 12H2SO4 →5CH3COOH + 5C2H5COOH + 8MnSO4 + 4K2SO4 + 17H2O 5CH3CH=CH2 + 10KMnO4 + 15H2SO4 →5CH3COOH + 5CO2 + 10MnSO4 + 5K2SO4 + 20H2O . 2 , : 5(CH3)2-C=CH-CH3 + 6KMnO4 + 9H2SO4 →5CH3COOH + 5(CH3)2C=O + 6MnSO4 + 3K2SO4 + 9H2O : 3CH3-CH=CH-CH2-CH3 + 6KMnO4 + 10KOH →CH3COOK + C2H5COOK + 6H2O + 6K2MnO4 4CH3CH=CH2 + 10KMnO4 + 13KOH →CH3COOK + K2CO3 + 8H2O+ 10K2MnO4 |
II. 1) .. | CH2 = CH2 + 2 → CH3 CH3 |
2) | H2SO4 2 = 2 + → 3 2 : , . CH3-CH=CH2 + → 3 ͖ 3 |
3) | CH2 = CH2 + Br2 → CH2Br CH2Br |
4) | CH2 = CH2 + HBr → CH3 CH2Br : , . 3 CH = CH2 + HBr → CH3 CH CH3 | Br |
III. - , | n CH2 = CH2 → ( CH2 CH2 )n - n CH2 = C → ( CH2 CH )n - | | CH3 CH3 |
IV. : | , : CH3- CH = CH2 + Cl2 → Cl - CH2- CH = CH2 + HCl |
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